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arXiv 1502.04381physics.soc-phcond-mat.stat-mechcs.SI
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随机游动、马尔可夫过程与复杂网络的多尺度模块化组织

Random Walks, Markov Processes and the Multiscale Modular Organization of Complex Networks

Renaud Lambiotte, Jean-Charles Delvenne, Mauricio Barahona

摘要:

大多数发现复杂网络中社区的方法依赖于组合图的性质。通常,与空随机图模型相比,边计数质量函数(例如模块性)在图的所有分区上进行优化。在这里,我们介绍了一个系统的动态框架,设计和分析各种各样的质量功能的社区检测。划分的质量是通过其马尔可夫稳定性来衡量的,马尔可夫稳定性是一个时间参数化函数,根据图上发生的马尔可夫过程的统计特性定义。马尔可夫过程提供了对图中所有尺度的动态扫描,而时间尺度是一个内在参数,可以以不同的分辨率揭示社区。这种基于动态的社区检测导致了复合优化,它有利于具有可比中心性的社区(如由固定分布定义的),并为谱算法提供了统一的框架,以及用于社区检测的不同算法,包括模块化和Potts模型的版本。我们的动态框架创建了一个系统的不同的随机动态之间的联系,并根据不同的(节点和边缘)中心的最佳社区的相应概念。我们表明,马尔可夫稳定性可以有效地计算,以找到大型网络中的多尺度社区结构。

英文摘要:

Most methods proposed to uncover communities in complex networks rely on combinatorial graph properties. Usually an edge-counting quality function, such as modularity, is optimized over all partitions of the graph compared against a null random graph model. Here we introduce a systematic dynamical framework to design and analyze a wide variety of quality functions for community detection. The quality of a partition is measured by its Markov Stability, a time-parametrized function defined in terms of the statistical properties of a Markov process taking place on the graph. The Markov process provides a dynamical sweeping across all scales in the graph, and the time scale is an intrinsic parameter that uncovers communities at different resolutions. This dynamic-based community detection leads to a compound optimization, which favours communities of comparable centrality (as defined by the stationary distribution), and provides a unifying framework for spectral algorithms, as well as different heuristics for community detection, including versions of modularity and Potts model. Our dynamic framework creates a systematic link between different stochastic dynamics and their corresponding notions of optimal communities under distinct (node and edge) centralities. We show that the Markov Stability can be computed efficiently to find multi-scale community structure in large networks.

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