Carbon nanostructures obtained by underwater arc discharge of graphite electrodes: Synthesis and characterization

Shrinking annuli mechanism and stage-dependent rate capability of thin-layer graphite electrodes for lithium-ion batteries

The kinetic performance of graphite particles is difficult to deconvolute from half-cell experiments, where the influences of the working electrode porosity and the counter electrode contribute nonlinearly to the electrochemical re-sponse. Therefore, thin-layer electrodes of circa 1 μm thickness were prepared with standard, highly crystalline graphite particles to evaluate their rate capability. The performance was evaluated based on the different stage transitions. We found that the tran-sitions towards the dense stages 1 and 2 with LiC6 in-plane densi-ty are one of the main rate limitations …

Amorphous carbon films in direct current magnetron sputtering from regenerative sooting discharge

We present results of carbon coatings on metal substrates in cylindrical hollow cathode (CHC) direct current magnetron sputtering. This is a new technique of making amorphous carbon film in CHC magnetron sputtering from regenerative sooting discharge. The carbon films are deposited on Cu and Al substrates in Ne atmosphere and compared with the films of carbon soot on the same materials produced from conventional arc discharge between graphite electrodes at 80 Angstrom in He background. The films are characterized using online emission, Raman, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-ray …

Design of bi-tortuous, anisotropic graphite anodes for fast ion-transport in Li-ion batteries

Thick Li-ion battery electrodes with high ion transport rates could enable batteries that cost less and that have higher gravimetric and volumetric energy density, because they require fewer inactive cell-components. Finding ways to increase ion transport rates in thick electrodes would be especially valuable for electrodes made with graphite platelets, which have been shown to have tortuosities in the thru-plane direction about 3 times higher than in the in-plane direction. Here, we predict that bi-tortuous electrode structures (containing electrolyte-filled macro-pores embedded in micro-poro…

通过机器学习势揭示石墨负极中的阶结构演化与Li（脱）嵌入动力学

Revealing the Staging Structural Evolution and Li (De)Intercalation Kinetics in Graphite Anodes via Machine Learning Potential

本研究开发了一种基于机器学习势的自动化工作流，模拟石墨负极中锂的动态（脱）嵌入过程，揭示了碳层动力学、缺陷与锂传输的耦合机制，为优化快充石墨负极设计提供了理论指导。

Unveiling the mystery of nucleation and growth of carbon nanotube and layered graphene inside carbon arc-discharge

A model for the formation of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and layered graphene in an arc discharge method is developed on the basis of observed erosion of graphite anode under various experimental conditions and analyses of the morphology of the eroded anode-surface, concerned cathode deposits and their constituents. It is predicted that, cold thermal shock, triggered by the rapid movement of the anode-spot, leads to crack microbranching at some selected locations on the anode-surface. These crack-microbranches cleave and fragment the basal planes of pairs of adjacent crystallites into curved graph…

Few-layer flakes of Molybdenum Disulphide produced by anodic arc discharge in pulsed mode

Here, the synthesis of Molybdenum Disulphide (MoS2) flakes by means of anodic atmospheric arc discharge is reported for the first time. The vertical electrode configuration consisted of a compound anode (hollow graphite anode filled with MoS2 powder) and a solid graphite cathode placed just above of the compound anode. Arc processes were operated in pulsed mode to preferentially evaporate the powder component from the anode and to minimize Carbon ablation. Pulsed anodic arc discharges were conducted at 2 Hz and 10% duty cycle in 300 Torr of Helium with a peak current of 250-300 A and peak volt…