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arXiv 1502.03430cs.GT
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可拓形式对策的可时性

Timeability of Extensive-Form Games

Sune K. Jakobsen, Troels B. Sørensen, Vincent Conitzer

摘要:

可拓形式的游戏构成了标准的表示方案的游戏与时间的组成部分。但是,所有扩展形式的游戏都符合我们在现实世界中可以实现的协议吗?我们经常排除不完美回忆的游戏,这种游戏规定代理人忘记她以前知道的东西。在本文中,我们表明,即使是一些游戏完美的回忆可以是有问题的实施。具体来说,我们表明,如果代理人有一种时间流逝的感觉(比如说,访问一个时钟),那么一些广泛的形式的游戏不能再实现,无论我们如何尝试时间的游戏,一些信息将泄漏给代理人,他们不应该有。我们说这样的游戏是不完全时间。我们提供了易于检查的必要和充分条件,使游戏完全可计时。本文的大部分技术深度都涉及如何近似时间游戏,我们表明这总是可以做到的,尽管它可能需要大量的时间。具体来说,我们表明,对于一些游戏的时间需要近似实现游戏的增长作为一个权力塔的高度成正比的玩家数量和一个参数,测量近似的精度在顶部的权力塔。在实践中,这使得游戏无法计时。除了对博弈论的概念贡献外,我们相信我们的方法可以应用于防止安全协议中的信息泄漏。

英文摘要:

Extensive-form games constitute the standard representation scheme for games with a temporal component. But do all extensive-form games correspond to protocols that we can implement in the real world? We often rule out games with imperfect recall, which prescribe that an agent forget something that she knew before. In this paper, we show that even some games with perfect recall can be problematic to implement. Specifically, we show that if the agents have a sense of time passing (say, access to a clock), then some extensive-form games can no longer be implemented; no matter how we attempt to time the game, some information will leak to the agents that they are not supposed to have. We say such a game is not exactly timeable. We provide easy-to-check necessary and sufficient conditions for a game to be exactly timeable. Most of the technical depth of the paper concerns how to approximately time games, which we show can always be done, though it may require large amounts of time. Specifically, we show that for some games the time required to approximately implement the game grows as a power tower of height proportional to the number of players and with a parameter that measures the precision of the approximation at the top of the power tower. In practice, that makes the games untimeable. Besides the conceptual contribution to game theory, we believe our methodology can have applications to preventing information leakage in security protocols.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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