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arXiv 1409.8522cond-mat.mtrl-sci
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寻找介稳和亚稳原子结构的高效从头算方案:级联遗传算法的基准

Efficient ab initio schemes for finding thermodynamically stable and metastable atomic structures: Benchmark of cascade genetic algorithms

Saswata Bhattacharya, Sergey V. Levchenko, Luca M. Ghiringhelli, Matthias Scheffler

摘要:

介绍并基准测试了一种基于第一性原理的方法,用于高效、准确地找到热力学稳定和亚稳态原子结构。该方法被证明为气相金属氧化物团簇在热力学平衡与反应(氧)气氛在有限的压力和温度。它包括两个步骤。首先,通过全局优化技术扫描势能面,即,一个双并行的第一原理级联遗传算法的所有参数的选择验证对更高层次的方法。特别是,我们验证a)用于组装新的候选结构的结构的选择和组合的标准,和b)的交换相关功能的选择。的选择标准进行了验证,对一个完全无偏的方法:复制交换分子动力学。通过与密度泛函理论中目前可达到的最高水平的比较,证明了我们选择的交换相关泛函,即范德华校正的PBE 0混合泛函,即,重整化二阶微扰理论,rPT 2。在第二步中,通过从头算原子热力学分析低能结构,以确定在给定的反应气氛的温度和压力下使吉布斯自由能最小化的组合物和结构。

英文摘要:

A first-principles based methodology for efficiently and accurately finding thermodynamically stable and metastable atomic structures is introduced and benchmarked. The approach is demonstrated for gas-phase metal-oxide clusters in thermodynamic equilibrium with a reactive (oxygen) atmosphere at finite pressure and temperature. It consists of two steps. At first, the potential-energy surface is scanned by means of a global-optimization technique, i.e., a massive-parallel first-principles cascade genetic algorithm for which the choice of all parameters is validated against higher-level methods. In particular, we validate a) the criteria for selection and combination of structures used for the assemblage of new candidate structures, and b) the choice of the exchange-correlation functional. The selection criteria are validated against a fully unbiased method: replica-exchange molecular dynamics. Our choice of the exchange-correlation functional, the van-der-Waals-corrected PBE0 hybrid functional, is justified by comparisons up to highest level currently achievable within density-functional theory, i.e., the renormalized second-order perturbation theory, rPT2. In the second step, the low-energy structures are analyzed by means of ab initio atomistic thermodynamics in order to determine compositions and structures that minimize the Gibbs free energy at given temperature and pressure of the reactive atmosphere.

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