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arXiv 1409.6432astro-ph.GAastro-ph.HE
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BL Lacertae天体H 2356 - 309的宽Ly $α$发射和相关吸收线的HST/COS观测

An HST/COS Observation of Broad Ly$α$ Emission and Associated Absorption Lines of the BL Lacertae Object H 2356-309

Taotao Fang, Charles W. Danforth, David A. Buote, John T. Stocke, J. Michael Shull, Claude R. Canizares, Fabio Gastaldello

摘要:

BL Lacertae天体(BL Lac)的弱光谱特征通常为探测这种罕见类型的活动星系核的内部区域提供了独特的机会。我们提出了一个哈勃太空望远镜/宇宙起源光谱仪观测的BL Lac H 2356 - 309。检测到弱的Ly $α$发射线。这是继Stocke等人之后第四次在所谓的"高能尖峰BL Lac"中探测到紫外(UV)波段的弱Ly $α$发射特征。假设线发射气体位于宽线区(BLR),电离源为离轴喷流发射,我们将相对论喷流的洛仑兹因子($Γ$)限制为$\geq 8.1$,最大视角为3.6 $^\circ$。推导出的$Γ$是略大于以前的测量$Γ\approx 3 - 5$,这意味着一个覆盖因子的$\sim$ 3%的线发射气体。或者,BLR云可以是光学薄的,在这种情况下,我们将BLR暖气体限制为$\sim 10^{-5}\rm\ M_{\odot}$。我们还检测到两个HI和一个OVI吸收线,在BL Lac天体的$|Δv| < 150\rm\ km\ s^{-1}$内。OVI和HI吸收器之一可能共存,因为它们的速度几乎相同。讨论了几种电离模型,发现以BL Lac天体为电离光子源的光电离模型能以合理的物理参数拟合观测到的离子柱密度。这个吸收体可以位于宿主星系的星际介质中,也可以位于BLR中。

英文摘要:

Weak spectral features in BL Lacertae objects (BL Lac) often provide a unique opportunity to probe the inner region of this rare type of active galactic nucleus. We present a Hubble Space Telescope/Cosmic Origins Spectrograph observation of the BL Lac H 2356-309. A weak Ly$α$ emission line was detected. This is the fourth detection of a weak Ly$α$ emission feature in the ultraviolet (UV) band in the so-called "high energy peaked BL Lacs", after Stocke et al. Assuming the line-emitting gas is located in the broad line region (BLR) and the ionizing source is the off-axis jet emission, we constrain the Lorentz factor ($Γ$) of the relativistic jet to be $\geq 8.1$ with a maximum viewing angle of 3.6$^\circ$. The derived $Γ$ is somewhat larger than previous measurements of $Γ\approx 3 - 5$, implying a covering factor of $\sim$ 3% of the line-emitting gas. Alternatively, the BLR clouds could be optically thin, in which case we constrain the BLR warm gas to be $\sim 10^{-5}\rm\ M_{\odot}$. We also detected two HI and one OVI absorption lines that are within $|Δv| < 150\rm\ km\ s^{-1}$ of the BL Lac object. The OVI and one of the HI absorbers likely coexist due to their nearly identical velocities. We discuss several ionization models and find a photoionization model where the ionizing photon source is the BL Lac object can fit the observed ion column densities with reasonable physical parameters. This absorber can either be located in the interstellar medium of the host galaxy, or in the BLR.

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