超冷矮星磁活动的同时多波长观测。IV。活跃、年轻的二进制NLTT 33370 AB（= 2 MASS J13142039 +1320011）
Simultaneous Multiwavelength Observations of Magnetic Activity in Ultracool Dwarfs. IV. The Active, Young Binary NLTT 33370 AB (=2MASS J13142039+1320011)
摘要：
我们提出了多历元同时无线电，光学，Hα，紫外线和X射线观测的活动，年轻，低质量的二进制NLTT 33370 AB（混合光谱类型M7 e）。这个系统以其极端的磁活动水平而引人注目：它是已知的最具放射性发光的超冷矮星（UCD），在这里我们表明它也是已知的最具X射线发光的UCD之一。我们在所有波段检测系统，并发现一个复杂的现象学的耀斑和周期性的变化。光学光变曲线的分析揭示了两个周期的同时存在，3.7859 $\pm$ 0.0001和3.7130 $\pm$ 0.0002 hr。虽然这些差异只有~ 2%，但在UCD制度中的差异旋转研究表明，它不能负责这两个信号。该系统的射电辐射至少由三个部分组成：快速的100%偏振耀斑，与光学辐射同相的周期性调制的明亮辐射，以及仅在2013年观测活动中出现的额外周期性分量。我们解释最后这些作为一个回旋同步功能与大规模的磁场和一个凉爽的，赤道等离子体环面。然而，在所有旋转阶段的持续快速耀斑意味着小规模的磁回路也存在，并几乎连续地重新连接。我们提出了一个SED的混合系统跨越超过9个数量级的波长。NLTT 33370 AB中存在的显著磁性将影响其基本参数，组件的半径和温度可能分别改变约+20%和约-10%。最后，我们建议空间分辨的意见，可以澄清这个系统的性质的许多方面。
英文摘要：
We present multi-epoch simultaneous radio, optical, Hα, UV, and X-ray observations of the active, young, low-mass binary NLTT 33370 AB (blended spectral type M7e). This system is remarkable for its extreme levels of magnetic activity: it is the most radio-luminous ultracool dwarf (UCD) known, and here we show that it is also one of the most X-ray luminous UCDs known. We detect the system in all bands and find a complex phenomenology of both flaring and periodic variability. Analysis of the optical light curve reveals the simultaneous presence of two periodicities, 3.7859 $\pm$ 0.0001 and 3.7130 $\pm$ 0.0002 hr. While these differ by only ~2%, studies of differential rotation in the UCD regime suggest that it cannot be responsible for the two signals. The system's radio emission consists of at least three components: rapid 100% polarized flares, bright emission modulating periodically in phase with the optical emission, and an additional periodic component that appears only in the 2013 observational campaign. We interpret the last of these as a gyrosynchrotron feature associated with large-scale magnetic fields and a cool, equatorial plasma torus. However, the persistent rapid flares at all rotational phases imply that small-scale magnetic loops are also present and reconnect nearly continuously. We present an SED of the blended system spanning more than 9 orders of magnitude in wavelength. The significant magnetism present in NLTT 33370 AB will affect its fundamental parameters, with the components' radii and temperatures potentially altered by ~+20% and ~-10%, respectively. Finally, we suggest spatially resolved observations that could clarify many aspects of this system's nature.
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