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arXiv 1409.0872quant-phcond-mat.mes-hall
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用人工原子解决光机系统的真空涨落

Resolving the vacuum fluctuations of an optomechanical system using an artificial atom

F. Lecocq, J. D. Teufel, J. Aumentado, R. W. Simmonds

摘要:

海森堡的不确定原理导致了一种最奇怪的量子行为:振荡器永远不会真正静止。即使在它的最低能量状态,在绝对零度的温度下,它的位置和动量仍然受到量子涨落的影响。使用线性位置测量来解决这些波动是复杂的,因为经典噪声可以伪装成量子噪声。另一方面,在基态的振子的直接能量检测使它看起来不动。那么我们如何解决量子涨落呢?在这里,我们参数耦合的微机械振荡器的微波腔准备系统在其量子基态,然后放大剩余的真空波动到真正的能量量子。利用超导量子比特作为人工原子,我们测量这些光机械相互作用过程中的光子/声子数分布。这提供了一个必要的非线性资源,首先,验证基态准备和第二,揭示宏观振子运动的量子真空涨落。我们的研究结果进一步证明了使用非高斯资源控制长寿命机械振荡器的能力,直接实现了量子信息处理和增强位移和力检测的应用。

英文摘要:

Heisenberg's uncertainty principle results in one of the strangest quantum behaviors: an oscillator can never truly be at rest. Even in its lowest energy state, at a temperature of absolute zero, its position and momentum are still subject to quantum fluctuations. Resolving these fluctuations using linear position measurements is complicated by the fact that classical noise can masquerade as quantum noise. On the other hand, direct energy detection of the oscillator in its ground state makes it appear motionless. So how can we resolve quantum fluctuations? Here, we parametrically couple a micromechanical oscillator to a microwave cavity to prepare the system in its quantum ground state and then amplify the remaining vacuum fluctuations into real energy quanta. Exploiting a superconducting qubit as an artificial atom, we measure the photon/phonon-number distributions during these optomechanical interactions. This provides an essential non-linear resource to, first, verify the ground state preparation and second, reveal the quantum vacuum fluctuations of the macroscopic oscillator's motion. Our results further demonstrate the ability to control a long-lived mechanical oscillator using a non-Gaussian resource, directly enabling applications in quantum information processing and enhanced detection of displacement and forces.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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