近期DEMO聚变发电厂用结构、高热通量和面向等离子体材料的开发：EU评估
Developing Structural, High-heat flux and Plasma Facing Materials for a near-term DEMO Fusion Power Plant: the EU Assessment
摘要：
欧盟“材料评估小组”（MAG）的调查结果，在2012年欧盟融合路线图演习，进行了讨论。MAG分析了21世纪30年代初将建造的DEMO概念的结构、等离子体表面和高热通量材料的技术准备情况，提出了一个连贯的研发战略，直到DEMO建造决策。对所需材料以及开发、测试和建模方案的技术后果进行了分析，采用的方法包括：系统工程方法，考虑反应堆运行周期、有效的维护和检查要求以及与功能材料/冷却剂的相互作用;以及基于项目的风险分析，通过研发来减轻材料缺陷带来的风险，包括开发特定的风险缓解材料。
英文摘要：
The findings of the EU 'Materials Assessment Group' (MAG), within the 2012 EU Fusion Roadmap exercise, are discussed. MAG analysed the technological readiness of structural, plasma facing and high heat flux materials for a DEMO concept to be constructed in the early 2030s, proposing a coherent strategy for R&D up to a DEMO construction decision. Technical consequences for the materials required and the development, testing and modelling programmes, are analysed using: a systems engineering approach, considering reactor operational cycles, efficient maintenance and inspection requirements, and interaction with functional materials/coolants; and a project-based risk analysis, with R&D to mitigate risks from material shortcomings including development of specific risk mitigation materials.
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