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arXiv 1407.7764astro-ph.SRastro-ph.GA
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IC348-SMM2E:一个0类原棕矮星候选者,形成为低质量恒星的缩小版本

IC348-SMM2E: a Class 0 proto-brown dwarf candidate forming as a scaled-down version of low-mass stars

Aina Palau, Luis A. Zapata, Luis F. Rodriguez, Herve Bouy, David Barrado, Maria Morales-Calderon, Philip C. Myers, Nicholas Chapman, Carmen Juarez, Di Li

摘要:

本文报道了IC 348星系团中HH 797外流驱动源附近的一个暗天体SMM 2 E的870微米连续谱和CO(3-2)、13 CO(2-1)和C18 O(2-1)谱线的观测结果。连续辐射显示了一个未分辨的源,我们估计其气体和尘埃的质量为30兆焦耳,CO(3-2)线揭示了一个以SMM 2 E为中心的紧凑的双极流出,在13 CO(2-1)中也几乎看不到。此外,C18 O(2-1)的发射揭示了一个可能的旋转信封/磁盘垂直于外流的暗示,我们推断动力学质量约为16兆焦耳。为了进一步限制物体的吸积质量,我们收集了斯皮策,赫歇尔以及新的和存档的亚毫米观测数据,并建立了光谱能量分布(SED)。SED可以用一个从70微米到2.1厘米的单一修改黑体来拟合,使用~24 K的灰尘温度,0.8的灰尘发射率指数和~35 Mjup的包络质量。测辐射热光度为0.10Lsun,测辐射热温度为35 K.因此,SMM 2 E可与恒星域中已知的0类天体相媲美。对最终质量的估计表明,SMM 2 E很可能仍然是亚恒星,而SMM 2 E的外流力与年轻恒星的光度趋势相匹配。因此,SMM 2 E构成了0类原棕矮星候选者的一个很好的例子,它是低质量恒星的缩小版本。最后,SMM 2 E似乎是一个广泛的(~2400 AU)多个0级源系统的一部分。

英文摘要:

We report on Submillimeter Array observations of the 870 micron continuum and CO(3-2), 13CO(2-1) and C18O(2-1) line emission of a faint object, SMM2E, near the driving source of the HH797 outflow in the IC348 cluster. The continuum emission shows an unresolved source for which we estimate a mass of gas and dust of 30 Mjup, and the CO(3-2) line reveals a compact bipolar outflow centred on SMM2E, and barely seen also in 13CO(2-1). In addition, C18O(2-1) emission reveals hints of a possible rotating envelope/disk perpendicular to the outflow, for which we infer a dynamical mass of ~16 Mjup. In order to further constrain the accreted mass of the object, we gathered data from Spitzer, Herschel, and new and archive submillimetre observations, and built the Spectral Energy Distribution (SED). The SED can be fitted with one single modified black-body from 70 micron down to 2.1 cm, using a dust temperature of ~24 K, a dust emissivity index of 0.8, and an envelope mass of ~35 Mjup. The bolometric luminosity is 0.10 Lsun, and the bolometric temperature is 35 K. Thus, SMM2E is comparable to the known Class 0 objects in the stellar domain. An estimate of the final mass indicates that SMM2E will most likely remain substellar, and the SMM2E outflow force matches the trend with luminosity known for young stellar objects. Thus, SMM2E constitutes an excellent example of a Class 0 proto-brown dwarf candidate which forms as a scaled-down version of low-mass stars. Finally, SMM2E seems to be part of a wide (~2400 AU) multiple system of Class 0 sources.

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