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arXiv 1407.7730hep-thcond-mat.str-elhep-ph
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量子多体系统的广义坐标不变性

General coordinate invariance in quantum many-body systems

Tomas Brauner, Solomon Endlich, Alexander Monin, Riccardo Penco

摘要:

我们将一般坐标不变性的概念扩展到多体系统,不一定是相对论系统。作为应用,我们研究了伽利略不变系统的非相对论广义协方差。背景度规场和规范场的特殊变换规则,首先由Son和Wingate在2005年提出,并在随后的工作中得到完善,从我们的框架自然遵循。我们的方法清楚地表明,伽利略或庞加莱对称性绝不是一个必要的先决条件,使理论不变的坐标同胚。广义协变性仅仅表达了随意选择时空坐标的自由,而系统真正的物理对称性可以在维尔拜因形式主义中单独实现为“内部”对称性。陪集构造提供了实现这种对称性的系统方法。我们说明了这一点,我们的形式主义非相对论性s波超流体。

英文摘要:

We extend the notion of general coordinate invariance to many-body, not necessarily relativistic, systems. As an application, we investigate nonrelativistic general covariance in Galilei-invariant systems. The peculiar transformation rules for the background metric and gauge fields, first introduced by Son and Wingate in 2005 and refined in subsequent works, follow naturally from our framework. Our approach makes it clear that Galilei or Poincare symmetry is by no means a necessary prerequisite for making the theory invariant under coordinate diffeomorphisms. General covariance merely expresses the freedom to choose spacetime coordinates at will, whereas the true, physical symmetries of the system can be separately implemented as "internal" symmetries within the vielbein formalism. A systematic way to implement such symmetries is provided by the coset construction. We illustrate this point by applying our formalism to nonrelativistic s-wave superfluids.

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