arXiv 1407.75202014-07astro-ph.COastro-ph.GA

用South Pole望远镜观测低质量星系团和星系群的X射线选择样本分析Sunyaev-Zel'dovich效应质量-可观测关系

Analysis of Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect Mass-Observable Relations using South Pole Telescope Observations of an X-ray Selected Sample of Low Mass Galaxy Clusters and Groups

J. Liu, J. Mohr, A. Saro, K. A. Aird, M. L. N. Ashby, M. Bautz, M. Bayliss, B. A. Benson, L. E. Bleem, S. Bocquet, M. Brodwin, J. E. Carlstrom, C. L. Chang, I. … 展开作者

J. Liu, J. Mohr, A. Saro, K. A. Aird, M. L. N. Ashby, M. Bautz, M. Bayliss, B. A. Benson, L. E. Bleem, S. Bocquet, M. Brodwin, J. E. Carlstrom, C. L. Chang, I. Chiu, H. M. Cho, A. Clocchiatti, T. M. Crawford, A. T. Crites, T. de Haan, S. Desai, J. P. Dietrich, M. A. Dobbs, R. J. Foley, D. Gangkofner, E. M. George, M. D. Gladders, A. H. Gonzalez, N. W. Halverson, C. Hennig, J. Hlavacek-Larrondo, G. P. Holder, W. L. Holzapfel, J. D. Hrubes, C. Jones, R. Keisler, A. T. Lee, E. M. Leitch, M. Lueker, D. Luong-Van, M. McDonald, J. J. McMahon, S. S. Meyer, L. Mocanu, S. S. Murray, S. Padin, C. Pryke, C. L. Reichardt, A. Rest, J. Ruel, J. E. Ruhl, B. R. Saliwanchik, J. T. Sayre, K. K. Schaffer, E. Shirokoff, H. G. Spieler, B. Stalder, Z. Staniszewski, A. A. Stark, K. Story, R. Suhada, K. Vanderlinde, J. D. Vieira, A. Vikhlinin, R. Williamson, O. Zahn, A. Zenteno

备注：: 15 pages, 7 figures
发表信息：: MNRAS (April 11, 2015) 448 (3): 2085-2099
DOI：: 10.1093/mnras/stv080

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摘要：

我们使用来自SPT的95、150和220 GHz的观测数据来检查从XMM-BCS的~6 deg^2处抽取的46个X射线选定的群和簇的样本的SZE特征。这些系统的红移z=1.02，其特征质量比直接在SPT数据中探测到的星系团低约3倍，并且探测到了最低X射线亮度（>10^42 erg s^-1）的SZE信号。我们开发了一个分析工具，结合了X射线选择集群的完整合奏的SZE信息。使用X射线光度作为质量代理，我们提取选择偏差校正的SZE的重要性和Y_500质量关系的约束。的SZE意义质量关系是在良好的协议与外推的关系从高质量的集群。然而，在低质量的Y_500-质量关系的拟合，虽然与从高质量SPT团簇的外推很好地一致，但在2.8 σ处与普朗克样品的约束处于紧张状态。我们研究了普朗克关系的紧张局势，讨论样本差异和偏见，可能会有所贡献。我们还提出了一个分析的射电星系点源人口在这个合奏的X射线选定的系统。我们发现我们的系统中有18个在X射线中心的2弧分内有843 MHz的SUMSS源，其中三个也被SPT检测到显著性>4。在这三个星系中，有两个与最亮的星系团有关，第三个可能是一个无关的类星体候选者。我们研究了这些点源对我们的SZE标度关系分析的影响，并没有发现偏见的证据。我们还研究了尘埃星系的影响，从220 GHz的数据使用的限制。堆积的样本提供了2.8 $σ$尘埃星系通量的重要证据，这将对应于平均低估的SPT Y_500信号，即在这个低质量系统样本中为（17+-9）%。

英文摘要：

(Abridged) We use 95, 150, and 220GHz observations from the SPT to examine the SZE signatures of a sample of 46 X-ray selected groups and clusters drawn from ~6 deg^2 of the XMM-BCS. These systems extend to redshift z=1.02, have characteristic masses ~3x lower than clusters detected directly in the SPT data and probe the SZE signal to the lowest X-ray luminosities (>10^42 erg s^-1) yet. We develop an analysis tool that combines the SZE information for the full ensemble of X-ray-selected clusters. Using X-ray luminosity as a mass proxy, we extract selection-bias corrected constraints on the SZE significance- and Y_500-mass relations. The SZE significance- mass relation is in good agreement with an extrapolation of the relation obtained from high mass clusters. However, the fit to the Y_500-mass relation at low masses, while in good agreement with the extrapolation from high mass SPT clusters, is in tension at 2.8 sigma with the constraints from the Planck sample. We examine the tension with the Planck relation, discussing sample differences and biases that could contribute. We also present an analysis of the radio galaxy point source population in this ensemble of X-ray selected systems. We find 18 of our systems have 843 MHz SUMSS sources within 2 arcmin of the X-ray centre, and three of these are also detected at significance >4 by SPT. Of these three, two are associated with the group brightest cluster galaxies, and the third is likely an unassociated quasar candidate. We examine the impact of these point sources on our SZE scaling relation analyses and find no evidence of biases. We also examine the impact of dusty galaxies using constraints from the 220 GHz data. The stacked sample provides 2.8$σ$ significant evidence of dusty galaxy flux, which would correspond to an average underestimate of the SPT Y_500 signal that is (17+-9) per cent in this sample of low mass systems.

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