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arXiv 1407.6801astro-ph.GA
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Lyman α星云的性质:来自非共振线的气体动力学

The Properties of Lyman Alpha Nebulae: Gas Kinematics from Non-resonant Lines

Yujin Yang, Ann Zabludoff, Knud Jahnke, Romeel Davé

摘要:

[摘要]使用VLT/X-shooter,我们在z~2.3处获得了六个Ly-alpha斑点的光学和NIR光谱。使用三个措施-Lya线和非共振[OIII]或H-α线(Dv_Lya)之间的速度偏移,堆叠星际金属吸收线的偏移,和光谱分辨[OIII]线轮廓-我们研究气体沿视线到每个斑点中心内的星系的运动学。这三个指标通常在速度和方向上一致,并且与一个简单的图像相一致,即气体是静止的或以几百公里/秒的速度从嵌入的星系中缓慢流出。没有更强的流出不是投影效应:我们样本的覆盖率限制在<1/8(13%)。外流速度排除了恒星形成或活动星系核产生高达1000公里/秒的"超级"或"超"风的模型。这里的Dv_Lya偏移小于LBG的典型偏移,但与紧凑LAE的Dv_Lya偏移相似。后者表明,外流速度不能是一个主导因素,在驱动扩展Lya排放。对于一个Lya团块(CDFS-LAB 14),其Lya轮廓和金属吸收线偏移表明没有明显的体运动,我们使用一个简单的辐射转移模型,首次测量了嵌入星系中气体的柱密度,发现它与DLA系统一致。总的来说,没有明确的流入签名表明,引力冷却辐射进入Lya的通道在这里探测的半径上并不重要。然而,一个奇特的系统(CDFS-LAB 10)有一个蓝移的Lya分量,它与任何星系都没有明显的联系,这表明要么是由团块星系之间的潮汐相互作用产生的气体,要么是流入团块中心的气体。前者预计在这些过密的区域,后者可能意味着预测,但难以捉摸的冷气体沿灯丝吸积。

英文摘要:

[Abridged] With VLT/X-shooter, we obtain optical and NIR spectra of six Ly-alpha blobs at z~2.3. Using three measures --- the velocity offset between the Lya line and the non-resonant [OIII] or H-alpha line (Dv_Lya), the offset of stacked interstellar metal absorption lines, and the spectrally-resolved [OIII] line profile --- we study the kinematics of gas along the line of sight to galaxies within each blob center. These three indicators generally agree in velocity and direction, and are consistent with a simple picture in which the gas is stationary or slowly outflowing at a few hundred km/s from the embedded galaxies. The absence of stronger outflows is not a projection effect: the covering fraction for our sample is limited to <1/8 (13%). The outflow velocities exclude models in which star formation or AGN produce "super" or "hyper" winds of up to ~1000km/s. The Dv_Lya offsets here are smaller than typical of LBGs, but similar to those of compact LAEs. The latter suggests that outflow speed cannot be a dominant factor in driving extended Lya emission. For one Lya blob (CDFS-LAB14), whose Lya profile and metal absorption line offsets suggest no significant bulk motion, we use a simple radiative transfer model to make the first column density measurement of gas in an embedded galaxy, finding it consistent with a DLA system. Overall, the absence of clear inflow signatures suggests that the channeling of gravitational cooling radiation into Lya is not significant over the radii probed here. However, one peculiar system (CDFS-LAB10) has a blueshifted Lya component that is not obviously associated with any galaxy, suggesting either displaced gas arising from tidal interactions among blob galaxies or gas flowing into the blob center. The former is expected in these overdense regions, and the latter might signify the predicted but elusive cold gas accretion along filaments.

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