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arXiv 1407.6360astro-ph.SR
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太阳针状体的界面区成像摄谱仪初探

An Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph first view on Solar Spicules

T. M. D. Pereira, B. De Pontieu, M. Carlsson, V. Hansteen, T. D. Tarbell, J. Lemen, A. Title, P. Boerner, N. Hurlburt, J. P. Wülser, J. Martínez-Sykora, L. Klei… 展开作者

T. M. D. Pereira, B. De Pontieu, M. Carlsson, V. Hansteen, T. D. Tarbell, J. Lemen, A. Title, P. Boerner, N. Hurlburt, J. P. Wülser, J. Martínez-Sykora, L. Kleint, L. Golub, S. McKillop, K. K. Reeves, S. Saar, P. Testa, H. Tian, S. Jaeggli, C. Kankelborg

摘要:

几十年来,太阳针状体一直困扰着建模者和观察者。自从发现能量更高的II型以来,针状体已经成为一个热门话题,但它们对太阳低层大气能量平衡的贡献仍然未知。在这里,我们第一次看到了什么安静的太阳针状物看起来像美国宇航局最近发射的界面区域成像光谱仪(IRIS)。使用IRIS光谱和过滤图,采样色球和过渡区,我们比较的性能和针状物的演变与日出和大气成像组件的协调运动中观察到的。我们的IRIS观测使我们能够跟踪II型针状体的热演化,并最终证实Ca II H针状体的褪色似乎是由快速加热到更高温度引起的。虹膜针状体不会消失,而是继续进化,在500-800秒后达到更高的高度并回落.因此,Ca II H II型针状体是剧烈和较热事件的初始阶段,在Ca II H过滤图中大多是不可见的。这些事件有非常不同的属性,从I型针状体,这表明较低的速度和没有从色球通带衰落。针状体的IRIS光谱显示出与它们的盘状对应物相同的特征,加强了早期的工作。来自光谱光栅的分光日像图也证实了安静的太阳针状体起源于磁网络的灌木丛中。我们的研究结果表明,II型针状体确实是沿着向上移动的针状等离子体的广泛部分的剧烈加热(至少过渡区的温度)的网站。

英文摘要:

Solar spicules have eluded modelers and observers for decades. Since the discovery of the more energetic type II, spicules have become a heated topic but their contribution to the energy balance of the low solar atmosphere remains unknown. Here we give a first glimpse of what quiet Sun spicules look like when observed with NASA's recently launched Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS). Using IRIS spectra and filtergrams that sample the chromosphere and transition region we compare the properties and evolution of spicules as observed in a coordinated campaign with Hinode and the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly. Our IRIS observations allow us to follow the thermal evolution of type II spicules and finally confirm that the fading of Ca II H spicules appears to be caused by rapid heating to higher temperatures. The IRIS spicules do not fade but continue evolving, reaching higher and falling back down after 500-800 s. Ca II H type II spicules are thus the initial stages of violent and hotter events that mostly remain invisible in Ca II H filtergrams. These events have very different properties from type I spicules, which show lower velocities and no fading from chromospheric passbands. The IRIS spectra of spicules show the same signature as their proposed disk counterparts, reinforcing earlier work. Spectroheliograms from spectral rasters also confirm that quiet Sun spicules originate in bushes from the magnetic network. Our results suggest that type II spicules are indeed the site of vigorous heating (to at least transition region temperatures) along extensive parts of the upward moving spicular plasma.

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