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arXiv 1407.2565cs.DC
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Gossip模型中的多元共识

Plurality Consensus in the Gossip Model

L. Becchetti, A. Clementi, E. Natale, F. Pasquale, R. Silvestri

摘要:

我们研究了$n$匿名代理网络上的Gossip模型中的多元共识。每个代理支持一个初始的意见或颜色。我们假设在开始时,支持多种颜色的代理的数量超过支持任何其他颜色的代理的数量,偏差非常大。我们的目标是提供一个协议,具有很高的概率,使系统的配置中,所有代理支持(初始)多个颜色。我们考虑未决定状态动力学,一个众所周知的协议,它只使用一个以上的状态(未决定的一个)比那些必要的存储颜色。我们表明,该协议的收敛速度取决于初始的颜色配置作为一个整体,而不仅仅是在复数和第二大颜色社区之间的差距。这种依赖性是最好的捕获一个新的概念,我们介绍,即,单色距离${md}(\bar{\mathbf{c}})$,它测量的距离的初始颜色配置$\bar{ \mathbf {c}}$从最接近的单色之一。在完整的图中,我们证明了,对于广泛的输入参数,这种动态收敛在$O({md}(\bar {\mathbf {c}}) \log {n})$轮。我们证明了这个上界在强意义下几乎是紧的:从任何颜色配置$\bar {\mathbf {c}}$开始,收敛时间是$Ω({md}(\bar {\mathbf {c}}))$。最后,我们适应未决定状态动力学,以获得一个快速的,随机行走为基础的协议,定期扩展器上的多个共识。该协议在仅使用$\mathrm{polylog}(n)$本地存储器的$O({md}(\bar {\mathbf {c}}) \mathrm{polylog}(n))$轮中收敛。一个关键的成分,以实现上述界限是一个新的分析的最大节点拥塞的结果,从执行$n$并行随机游动定期扩展。我们所有的界限都以高概率成立。

英文摘要:

We study Plurality Consensus in the Gossip Model over a network of $n$ anonymous agents. Each agent supports an initial opinion or color. We assume that at the onset, the number of agents supporting the plurality color exceeds that of the agents supporting any other color by a sufficiently-large bias. The goal is to provide a protocol that, with high probability, brings the system into the configuration in which all agents support the (initial) plurality color. We consider the Undecided-State Dynamics, a well-known protocol which uses just one more state (the undecided one) than those necessary to store colors. We show that the speed of convergence of this protocol depends on the initial color configuration as a whole, not just on the gap between the plurality and the second largest color community. This dependence is best captured by a novel notion we introduce, namely, the monochromatic distance ${md}(\bar{\mathbf{c}})$ which measures the distance of the initial color configuration $\bar{ \mathbf {c}}$ from the closest monochromatic one. In the complete graph, we prove that, for a wide range of the input parameters, this dynamics converges within $O({md}(\bar {\mathbf {c}}) \log {n})$ rounds. We prove that this upper bound is almost tight in the strong sense: Starting from any color configuration $\bar {\mathbf {c}}$, the convergence time is $Ω({md}(\bar {\mathbf {c}}))$. Finally, we adapt the Undecided-State Dynamics to obtain a fast, random walk-based protocol for plurality consensus on regular expanders. This protocol converges in $O({md}(\bar {\mathbf {c}}) \mathrm{polylog}(n))$ rounds using only $\mathrm{polylog}(n)$ local memory. A key-ingredient to achieve the above bounds is a new analysis of the maximum node congestion that results from performing $n$ parallel random walks on regular expanders. All our bounds hold with high probability.

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