对称能量观测量的灵敏度分解
Decomposition of sensitivity of the symmetry energy observables
摘要：
为了准确回答一些常用的能量敏感观测量探测到的密度区域，首次对能量敏感观测量的灵敏度分解进行了研究。研究发现，对于入射能量为200和400 MeV/核子的Au + Au反应，常用的能量敏感观测量主要探测1.25 $ρ_{0}$（对于介子观测量）或1.5 $ρ_{0}$（对于核子观测量）附近的密度依赖对称能.在低密度区的对称能的影响一般是小的，但可观察到的。在最大重子密度区，重子能敏感观测量对对称能不敏感，这增加了研究超密度核对称能的难度。
英文摘要：
To exactly answer which density region that some frequently used symmetry-energy-sensitive observables probe, for the first time, we make a study of decomposition of the sensitivity of some symmetry-energy-sensitive observables. It is found that for the Au+Au reaction at incident beam energies of 200 and 400 MeV/nucleon, frequently used symmetry-energy-sensitive observables mainly probe the density-dependent symmetry energy around 1.25$ρ_{0}$ (for pionic observables) or 1.5$ρ_{0}$ (for nucleonic observables). Effects of the symmetry energy in the low-density region is in general small but observable. The fact that the symmetry-energy-sensitive observables are not sensitive to the symmetry energy in the maximal baryon-density region increases the difficulty of studying nuclear symmetry energy at super-density.
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