Google和Google Scholar中开放获取的黑暗面：拉丁美洲知识库的案例
The dark side of Open Access in Google and Google Scholar: the case of Latin-American repositories
摘要：
由于知识库是使学术知识开放获取的一个关键工具，因此确定其在网络上的存在和影响至关重要，特别是在谷歌（搜索引擎卓越）和谷歌学术（研究人员越来越多地使用的搜索学术信息的工具）。迄今为止进行的少数研究仅限于非常特定的地理区域（美国），这使得有必要了解其他地区正在发生的事情，这些地区不属于主流学术界，并且知识库在学术成果的可见性方面发挥着决定性作用。本研究的主要目的是通过应用页数和可见度指标，确定拉丁美洲知识库在谷歌和谷歌学术搜索中的存在和可见度。对于137个存储库的样本，结果表明，索引率在谷歌中很低，在谷歌学术搜索中几乎不存在;它们还表明存储库记录与这两个搜索工具产生的数据之间完全缺乏对应关系。这些结果主要归因于使用与Google Scholar（知识库设计）和网络指标（搜索引擎）的可靠性不兼容的描述模式所产生的限制。我们的结论是，无论是谷歌还是谷歌学术准确地代表了拉丁美洲知识库发布的开放获取内容的实际大小;这可能表明一个非索引，隐藏的一面开放获取，这可能是限制开放获取学术文献的传播和消费。
英文摘要：
Since repositories are a key tool in making scholarly knowledge open access, determining their presence and impact on the Web is essential, particularly in Google (search engine par excellence) and Google Scholar (a tool increasingly used by researchers to search for academic information). The few studies conducted so far have been limited to very specific geographic areas (USA), which makes it necessary to find out what is happening in other regions that are not part of mainstream academia, and where repositories play a decisive role in the visibility of scholarly production. The main objective of this study is to ascertain the presence and visibility of Latin American repositories in Google and Google Scholar through the application of page count and visibility indicators. For a sample of 137 repositories, the results indicate that the indexing ratio is low in Google, and virtually nonexistent in Google Scholar; they also indicate a complete lack of correspondence between the repository records and the data produced by these two search tools. These results are mainly attributable to limitations arising from the use of description schemas that are incompatible with Google Scholar (repository design) and the reliability of web indicators (search engines). We conclude that neither Google nor Google Scholar accurately represent the actual size of open access content published by Latin American repositories; this may indicate a non-indexed, hidden side to open access, which could be limiting the dissemination and consumption of open access scholarly literature.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
