REBCO涂层导体的罗贝尔电缆：未来超导性的百年概念
Roebel cables from REBCO coated conductors: a one-century-old concept for the superconductivity of the future
摘要：
采用高温超导体（HTS）的能源应用，例如电动机/发电机、变压器、传输线和故障电流限制器，通常在交流（AC）状态下操作。为了高效，除了必要的载流能力之外，HTS装置还需要具有足够低的AC损耗值。大多数应用都是在电流超过单根导线的电流容量的情况下运行的，因此需要具有更高载流容量的电缆导线解决方案，对于大型水轮发电机，载流容量从几kA到高达20 - 30 kA。一个世纪前的1914年，Ludwig Roebel发明了一种用于铜缆的低损耗电缆设计，并相继以他的名字命名。罗贝尔电缆背后的主要思想是分离不同股线中的电流，并提供沿电缆方向的股线的完全换位。如今，这些电缆通常用于大型发电机的定子。基于与传统材料同类产品相同的设计理念，由REBCO涂层导体制成的高温超导罗贝尔电缆首先在卡尔斯鲁厄理工学院（KIT）制造，并已连续开发出许多品种，提供所有所需的技术特性，如完全换位的股线，高传输电流和低交流损耗，同时保留了特定电缆设计的足够灵活性。在过去的几年中，已经发表了大量关于这种电缆的概念、制造和表征的科学论文。因此，审查这些结果的时机已经成熟。其目标是为此类高温超导电缆的用户、开发人员和制造商提供概述和简明易懂的指南。
英文摘要：
Energy applications employing high-temperature superconductors (HTS), such as motors/generators, transformers, transmission lines and fault current limiters, are usually operated in the alternate current (AC) regime. In order to be efficient, the HTS devices need to have a sufficiently low value of AC loss, in addition to the necessary current-carrying capacity. Most applications are operated with currents beyond the current capacity of single conductors and consequently require cabled conductor solutions with much higher current carrying capacity, from a few kA to up to 20-30 kA for large hydro-generators. A century ago, in 1914, Ludwig Roebel invented a low-loss cable design for copper cables, which was successively named after him. The main idea behind Roebel cables is to separate the current in different strands and to provide a full transposition of the strands along the cable direction. Nowadays, these cables are commonly used in the stator of large generators. Based on the same design concept of their conventional material counterparts, HTS Roebel cables from REBCO coated conductors were first manufactured at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) and have been successively developed in a number of varieties that provide all the required technical features such as fully transposed strands, high transport currents and low AC losses, yet retaining enough flexibility for a specific cable design. In the past few years a large number of scientific papers have been published on the concept, manufacturing and characterization of such cables. Times are therefore mature for a review of those results. The goal is to provide an overview and a succinct and easy-to-consult guide for users, developers, and manufacturers of this kind of HTS cables.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
