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arXiv 1405.3233hep-phastro-ph.COhep-th
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I球和Q球作为非相对论凝聚体的对应

Correspondence of I- and Q-balls as Non-relativistic Condensates

Kyohei Mukaida, Masahiro Takimoto

摘要:

如果一个实标量场由非相对论模支配,那么它近似地保持其粒子数,并服从一个方程,该方程支配具有守恒整体U(1)对称性的复标量场理论。从这一事实可以看出,I形球(三角形)可以自然地理解为一个投影(例如,非相对论性Q球解的实部。特别地,我们阐明了只要非相对论性条件成立,在相应的复标量场理论中,I球的稳定性由U(1)对称性保证。我们还从U(1)电荷破坏过程的复标量场的角度讨论了I球的寿命。

英文摘要:

If a real scalar field is dominated by non-relativistic modes, then it approximately conserves its particle number and obeys an equation that governs a complex scalar field theory with a conserved global U(1) symmetry. From this fact, it is shown that the I-ball (oscillon) can be naturally understood as a projection (e.g., real part) of the non-relativistic Q-ball solution. In particular, we clarify that the stability of the I-ball is guaranteed by the U(1) symmetry in the corresponding complex scalar field theory as long as the non-relativistic condition holds. We also discuss the longevity of I-ball from the perspective of the complex scalar field in terms of U(1) charge violating processes.

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