Discovery of Two Rare Rigidly-Rotating Magnetosphere Stars in the APOGEE Survey
Stephen S. Eikenberry, S. Drew Chojnowski, John Wisniewski, Steven R. Majewski, Matthew Shetrone, David G. Whelan, Dmitry Bizyaev, H. Jacob Borish, James R. A. … 展开作者
Stephen S. Eikenberry, S. Drew Chojnowski, John Wisniewski, Steven R. Majewski, Matthew Shetrone, David G. Whelan, Dmitry Bizyaev, H. Jacob Borish, James R. A. Davenport, Garrett Ebelke, Diane Feuillet, Peter M. Frinchaboy, Alan Garner, Fred Hearty, Jon Holtzman, Zhi-Yun Li, Sz. Meszaros, David L. Nidever, Donald P. Schneider, Michael Skrutskie, John C. Wilson, Gail Zasowski
备注:
14 pages, incl. 5 figures; accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
阿帕奇点天文台星系演化实验(APOGEE)是斯隆数字巡天III计划之一,正在使用$\sim 100,000$红巨星分支候选恒星的近红外光谱研究银河系的结构。在调查过程中,APOGEE还获得了热场星的光谱,作为主要科学目标的大地校准器。我们报告了两个罕见的,快速旋转的B星的$σ$奥利E型在这些蓝场恒星在第一年的APOGEE操作期间观察到的偶然发现。这两颗被发现的恒星都显示出这类高磁化($B \sim 10$ kiloGauss)恒星所共有的刚性旋转磁层(RRM)的光谱特征,使已知的RRM恒星数量增加了$\sim 10 \%$。其中一颗(HD 345439)是一颗主序B星,具有异常强烈的He吸收(类似于$σ$ Ori E),而另一颗(HD 23478)则符合“He正常”B3 IV分类。我们将APOGEE发现光谱与这两颗恒星以及$σ$ Ori E本身的其他光学和近红外光谱相结合,以显示近红外光谱如何成为发现更多这些稀有天体的独特强大工具,这些天体可能在其光学光谱中显示很少/没有RRM签名。我们讨论了进一步发现$σ$ Ori E型恒星的可能性,以及我们的发现对这些天体的人口及其起源和演化的影响。
英文摘要:
The Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE) - one of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey III programs -- is using near-infrared spectra of $\sim 100,000$ red giant branch star candidates to study the structure of the Milky Way. In the course of the survey, APOGEE also acquires spectra of hot field stars to serve as telluric calibrators for the primary science targets. We report the serendipitous discovery of two rare, fast-rotating B stars of the $σ$ Ori E type among those blue field stars observed during the first year of APOGEE operations. Both of the discovered stars display the spectroscopic signatures of the rigidly rotating magnetospheres (RRM) common to this class of highly-magnetized ($B \sim 10$ kiloGauss) stars, increasing the number of known RRM stars by $\sim 10 \%$. One (HD 345439) is a main-sequence B star with unusually strong He absorption (similar to $σ$ Ori E), while the other (HD 23478) fits a "He-normal" B3IV classification. We combine the APOGEE discovery spectra with other optical and near-infrared spectra of these two stars, and of $σ$ Ori E itself, to show how near-infrared spectroscopy can be a uniquely powerful tool for discovering more of these rare objects, which may show little/no RRM signatures in their optical spectra. We discuss the potential for further discovery of $σ$ Ori E type stars, as well as the implications of our discoveries for the population of these objects and insights into their origin and evolution.
Characterizing the Rigidly Rotating Magnetosphere Stars HD 345439 and HD 23478
SDSS III APOGEE巡天最近发现了两个新的$σ$ Ori E型候选者,HD 345439和HD 23478,它们是快速旋转的大质量恒星的罕见子集,它们的大(kGauss)磁场将星周物质限制在这些系统周围。我们对来自KELT、SuperWASP和ASAS巡天的HD 345439的多历元光度观测的分析揭示了每个数据集中存在$\sim$ 0.7701天的周期,这表明该系统是已知的更快的$σ$ Ori E类似物之一。我们还看到了明确的证据表明,H-α,H I布拉开系线,和He I线的强度也变化的$\sim$ 0.7701天的周期,从我们的分析多历元,多波长光谱监测系统的APO 3.5米望远镜。我们跟踪系统中的选择发射线轮廓的演变,并观察相干线轮廓的变化,在光学和红外线H I线,预期刚性旋转磁层恒星。我们还分析了HD23478在SDSS-Ⅲ APOGEE多历元观测中的H I Br-11谱线强度和谱线轮廓的演化。所观察到的周期性行为与Sikora及其合作者最近在光谱中报道的一致。
A scaling relationship for non-thermal radio emission from ordered magnetospheres - II. Investigating the efficiency of relativistic electron production in magnetospheres of BA-type stars
INAF – Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania(意大利国家天体物理研究所卡塔尼亚天文台);University of Delaware(特拉华大学);CSIRO, Space and Astronomy(澳大利亚联邦科学与工业研究组织空间与天文部);ESO – European Organisation for Astronomical Research in the Southern Hemisphere(欧洲南方天文台);Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences(奥地利科学院空间研究所);East Tennessee State University(东田纳西州立大学);Masaryk University(马萨里克大学)
Coherent and Incoherent Emission from the Ordered Magnetospheres of Low-Mass Stars, UCDs, and Massive Stars
National Centre for Radio Astrophysics, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research(国家射电天文中心,塔塔基础研究所);ASTRON, The Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy(ASTRON,荷兰射电天文研究所);Anton Pannenkoek Institute for Astronomy, University of Amsterdam(阿姆斯特丹大学安东·潘嫩科克天文学研究所);University of Delaware(特拉华大学);ESO - European Organisation for Astronomical Research in the Southern Hemisphere(欧洲南方天文台)
Electron Scattering Emission in the Light Curves of Stars with Centrifugal Magnetospheres
强磁性、快速旋转的B型恒星,风相对较弱,形成离心磁层(CM),因为恒星风在开普勒共同旋转半径以上被磁限制。近似的磁场作为一个偶极子倾斜的角度$β$相对于旋转轴,CM等离子体集中在云和以上的开普勒半径沿交叉的旋转和磁赤道平面。恒星的自转可以把这种云带到恒星盘的前面,导致0.1量级的吸收(连续通量的$\sim 10 \%$)。然而,一些具有突出CM的恒星,如$σ$ Ori E,除了吸收骤降外,还显示出发射凸起,这是迄今为止无法解释的。我们表明,发射可以发生从电子散射向观察者时,CM云投射出恒星的肢体。使用刚性旋转磁层模型,修改与离心爆发密度缩放,我们提出了一个模型网格的光度光变曲线跨越参数空间的观察者倾斜角$i$,磁致伸缩角$β$,临界旋转分数$W$,和光学深度在开普勒半径$τ_{\text{K}}$。我们发现,单位阶数的$τ_{\text{K}}$可以产生在$σ$ Ori E中看到的量级为$\sim 0.05$的发射凸起。我们讨论了CM星的光变曲线建模的影响,以及未来的工作应用辐射转移模型在这里开发的三维MHD模拟CM。