用转动波包研究分子团簇的结构和动力学
Probing the structure and dynamics of molecular clusters using rotational wavepackets
摘要：
分子团簇的化学和物理性质在很大程度上取决于它们的尺寸，这使得它们对于设计具有定制性质的新材料非常有吸引力。因此，推导团簇的结构和动力学是科学界的主要兴趣。弱结合的团簇可以用传统的光谱技术来研究，但观察到的谱线数量往往太少，无法进行全面的结构分析。脉冲排列产生旋转波包，它提供了结构和动力学的同时信息，已被成功地证明为孤立的分子。在这里，我们首次将这种技术应用于由一个分子和一个氦原子组成的团簇。通过强迫人口的高旋转水平在强激光场，我们证明了丰富的旋转线光谱的产生，建立高度离域的结构和旋转波包传播的相干性。我们的研究结果使不同大小和复杂性的集群，以及早期的超流效应，使用波包方法的研究。
英文摘要：
The chemical and physical properties of molecular clusters can heavily depend on their size, which makes them very attractive for the design of new materials with tailored properties. Deriving the structure and dynamics of clusters is therefore of major interest in science. Weakly bound clusters can be studied using conventional spectroscopic techniques, but the number of lines observed is often too small for a comprehensive structural analysis. Impulsive alignment generates rotational wavepackets, which provides simultaneous information on structure and dynamics, as has been demonstrated successfully for isolated molecules. Here, we apply this technique for the firsttime to clusters comprising of a molecule and a single helium atom. By forcing the population of high rotational levels in intense laser fields we demonstrate the generation of rich rotational line spectra for this system, establishing the highly delocalised structure and the coherence of rotational wavepacket propagation. Our findings enable studies of clusters of different sizes and complexity as well as incipient superfluidity effects using wavepacket methods.
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