细胞骨架更新和肌球蛋白收缩驱动果蝇背壳闭合模型中的细胞自主振荡
Cytoskeletal turnover and Myosin contractility drive cell autonomous oscillations in a model of Drosophila Dorsal Closure
摘要：
力产生系统中的振荡行为是细胞生物学中普遍存在的现象。在这项工作中，我们调查如何振荡肌动球蛋白细胞骨架驱动细胞形状的变化过程中的背闭合，形态发生事件在果蝇胚胎发育，从而表皮连续性产生通过脉动顶端面积减少的细胞构成的浆膜（AS）组织。我们提出了一个AS细胞动力学的理论模型，其中振荡行为的出现是由于主动肌球蛋白驱动力，肌动蛋白营业额和细胞变形之间的耦合。在我们的模型中的振荡是细胞自主的，并通过邻居耦合调制，我们的模型准确地再现AS细胞的振荡动力学及其振幅和频率的演变。从我们的模型中产生的一个关键预测是，在DC期间，肌动蛋白周转率和肌球蛋白收缩力必须增加，以再现在体内观察到的细胞面积振荡的幅度和周期的降低。这一预测为思考AS细胞振荡的分子基础及其与净组织收缩的联系开辟了新的途径，并提出了未来实验测量的形式。
英文摘要：
Oscillatory behaviour in force-generating systems is a pervasive phenomenon in cell biology. In this work, we investigate how oscillations in the actomyosin cytoskeleton drive cell shape changes during the process of Dorsal Closure, a morphogenetic event in Drosophila embryo development whereby epidermal continuity is generated through the pulsatile apical area reduction of cells constituting the amnioserosa (AS) tissue. We present a theoretical model of AS cell dynamics by which the oscillatory behaviour arises due to a coupling between active Myosin-driven forces, actin turnover and cell deformation. Oscillations in our model are cell-autonomous and are modulated by neighbour coupling, and our model accurately reproduces the oscillatory dynamics of AS cells and their amplitude and frequency evolution. A key prediction arising from our model is that the rate of actin turnover and Myosin contractile force must increase during DC in order to reproduce the decrease in amplitude and period of cell area oscillations observed in vivo. This prediction opens up new ways to think about the molecular underpinnings of AS cell oscillations and their link to net tissue contraction and suggests the form of future experimental measurements.
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