一个脂质结合的肌动蛋白网络组织模型膜中的液相分离
A lipid bound actin meshwork organizes liquid phase separation in model membranes
摘要：
真核细胞膜连接到致密的富含肌动蛋白的皮质。我们目前的FCS和STED实验表明，致密的膜结合肌动蛋白网络有严重的影响，脂质相分离。一个最小的肌动蛋白皮质通过生物素化的脂质链霉亲和素复合物（钉扎位点）结合到支持的脂质双层。在一般情况下，肌动蛋白结合到三元膜防止宏观液体有序和液体无序域的形成，即使在低温下。相反，根据钉扎脂质的类型，观察到肌动蛋白相关的多结构域模式。FCS测量显示，在肌动蛋白网络的存在下，脂质的扩散受阻。为了解释我们的实验结果，提出了一个新的模拟模型，在该模型中，膜的组成，膜的曲率，和肌动蛋白钉扎位点都耦合。我们的研究结果揭示了细胞如何防止其膜组分宏观分层，同时调节局部膜组成的机制。
英文摘要：
The eukaryotic cell membrane is connected to a dense actin rich cortex. We present FCS and STED experiments showing that dense membrane bound actin networks have severe influence on lipid phase separation. A minimal actin cortex was bound to a supported lipid bilayer via biotinylated lipid streptavidin complexes (pinning sites). In general, actin binding to ternary membranes prevented macroscopic liquid-ordered and liquid-disordered domain formation, even at low temperature. Instead, depending on the type of pinning lipid, an actin correlated multi-domain pattern was observed. FCS measurements revealed hindered diffusion of lipids in the presence of an actin network. To explain our experimental findings, a new simulation model is proposed, in which the membrane composition, the membrane curvature, and the actin pinning sites are all coupled. Our results reveal a mechanism how cells may prevent macroscopic demixing of their membrane components, while at the same time regulate the local membrane composition.
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