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arXiv 1402.4446cond-mat.mtrl-sci
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反转对称块体晶体中的隐藏自旋极化

Hidden spin polarization in inversion-symmetric bulk crystals

Xiuwen Zhang, Qihang Liu, Jun-Wei Luo, Arthur. J. Freeman, Alex Zunger

摘要:

自旋-轨道耦合(SOC)可以在3D晶体中诱导自旋极化,表现为体Rashba(R-1)和Dresselhaus(D-1)效应。我们确定,这些自旋极化效应从根本上源于特定的原子位置的不对称性,而不是从普遍接受的晶体空间群的不对称性。这种理解导致认识到,以前被忽视的隐藏形式的自旋极化应该存在于中心对称材料。虽然所有的能带必须是双重退化的中心对称材料中,我们发现,这种双重退化带的两个组件可以有相反的极化,每个空间定位在两个单独的部门之一,形成反转的合作伙伴。我们用第一性原理计算证明了中心对称晶体(记为R-2和D-2)中的这种隐藏的自旋极化。这种新的理解可以大大拓宽目前有用的自旋电子材料的范围,并通过原子尺度上的操作控制自旋极化。

英文摘要:

Spin-orbit coupling (SOC) can induce spin polarization in nonmagnetic 3D crystals when the inversion symmetry is broken, as manifested by the bulk Rashba (R-1) and Dresselhaus (D-1) effects. We determine that these spin polarization effects originate fundamentally from specific atomic site asymmetries, rather than from the generally accepted asymmetry of the crystal space-group. This understanding leads to the recognition that a previously overlooked hidden form of spin polarization should exist in centrosymmetric materials. Although all energy bands must be doubly degenerate in centrosymmetric materials, we find that the two components of such doubly degenerate bands could have opposite polarizations each spatially localized on one of the two separate sectors forming the inversion partners. We demonstrate such hidden spin polarizations in centrosymmetric crystals (denoted as R-2 and D-2) by first-principles calculations. This new understanding could considerably broaden the range of currently useful spintronic materials and enable control of spin polarization via operations on atomic scale.

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