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arXiv 1402.4356quant-ph
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魔波光晶格上的超辐射钟laser

A superradiant clock laser on a magicwavelength optical lattice

Thomas Maier, Sebastian Kraemer, Laurin Ostermann, Helmut Ritsch

摘要:

在非相互作用冷原子的光钟跃迁中,理想的超辐射激光器将具有远低于兆赫线宽的极高的频率稳定度和精度。在任何具体的装置中,必须在有限的腔模体积内限制和泵浦足够多的原子。使用魔波长晶格使光偏移最小化,并且允许几乎均匀地耦合到腔模式。尽管如此,原子仍然受到偶极-偶极相互作用和集体自发衰变的影响,这损害了最终的频率稳定性。在高密度极限下,Dicke超辐射线宽的增加将使激光谱线展宽,最近邻耦合将引起激光频率的漂移和起伏。我们估计的幅度和缩放这些影响的直接数值模拟的几个原子系统不同的几何形状和密度。对于处于规则填充魔波位形的锶,原子间相互作用仅引起小的激光频移,集体自发发射对激光的展宽作用很弱。这些相互作用通常增强了激光对腔长波动的敏感性,但对于最佳选择的操作条件,可以导致原子偶极子的同步改善。

英文摘要:

An ideal superradiant laser on an optical clock transition of noninteracting cold atoms is predicted to exhibit an extreme frequency stability and accuracy far below mHz-linewidth. In any concrete setup sufficiently many atoms have to be confined and pumped within a finite cavity mode volume. Using a magic wavelength lattice minimizes light shifts and allows for almost uniform coupling to the cavity mode. Never- theless, the atoms are subject to dipole-dipole interaction and collective spontaneous decay which compromises the ultimate frequency stability. In the high density limit the Dicke superradiant linewidth enhancement will broaden the laser line and nearest neighbor couplings will induce shifts and fluctuations of the laser frequency. We estimate the magnitude and scaling of these effects by direct numerical simulations of few atom systems for different geometries and densities. For Strontium in a regularly filled magic wavelength configuration atomic interactions induce small laser frequency shifts only and collective spontaneous emission weakly broadens the laser. These interactions generally enhance the laser sensitivity to cavity length fluctuations but for optimally chosen operating conditions can lead to an improved synchronization of the atomic dipoles.

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