埃斯特朗级化学动力发动机
Ångström-scale chemically powered motors
摘要：
与更大的微米级对应物一样，朗格斯特龙级化学自推进发动机使用不对称催化活性来产生导致定向运动的自生浓度梯度。与微米尺度的马达不同，朗格斯特龙尺度马达的大小与它们运动的溶剂分子相当，它们受波动的支配，并且它们在非常不同的时间尺度上运行。这些新的功能进行了研究，使用小球体二聚体马达的分子动力学模拟。我们发现，弹道制度是由热速度，但这些电机的扩散系数的数量级大于非活性二聚体。这样的小型马达可能会在纳米限制系统中找到应用，或者最终在细胞中找到应用。
英文摘要：
Like their larger micron-scale counterparts, Ångström-scale chemically self-propelled motors use asymmetric catalytic activity to produce self-generated concentration gradients that lead to directed motion. Unlike their micron-scale counterparts, the sizes of Ångström-scale motors are comparable to the solvent molecules in which they move, they are dominated by fluctuations, and they operate on very different time scales. These new features are studied using molecular dynamics simulations of small sphere dimer motors. We show that the ballistic regime is dominated by the thermal speed but the diffusion coefficients of these motors are orders of magnitude larger than inactive dimers. Such small motors may find applications in nano-confined systems or perhaps eventually in the cell.
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