人类情感和认知前额叶皮层向外侧缰的投射
Affective and cognitive prefrontal cortex projections to the lateral habenula in humans
摘要：
已知前额叶（AI）和dACC处理有关疼痛，损失，逆境，坏的，有害的或次优的选择和威胁生存或幸福的后果的信息。疼痛和损失也会激活与悲伤的想法，伤害和遗憾有关的pregenual ACC（pgACC）。外侧缰（LHb）受到预期和接受的疼痛、不适、厌恶结果、损失的刺激。它的慢性刺激使我们感觉更糟/低，并逐渐阻止我们选择和移动次优，伤害或惩罚的选择，通过直接和间接（通过RMTg）抑制DRN和VTA/SNc。LHb神经元的反应选择性表明它们的皮层输入来自情感和认知评价区域，这些区域对不良或次优结果产生预期。基于这些事实，我预测了来自dACC、pgACC和AI的直接皮质缰投射，作为逆境处理回路的一部分，逆境处理回路通过抑制多巴胺和5-羟色胺信号来学习避免不良结果。DTI I显示dACC、pgACC、AI、邻近尾外侧和外侧OFC向LHb的投射。我预测没有来自奖赏处理区域的皮质缰核投射：内侧OFC和vACC，因为两者对好的、高价值的刺激和结果的反应最强烈，分别诱导5-羟色胺和多巴胺的释放。这种LHb预测的缺乏在vACC中得到证实，并且可能在mOFC中得到证实。令人惊讶的发现是认知前额叶皮层区域的皮质缰投射，以灵活的推理，计划和组合任何与达到当前目标相关的信息而闻名。我建议，前额叶缰投射为基于价值的选择行为提供了一个教学信号，以学习避免，避免或抑制潜在的有害，低价值或错误的选择，目标，策略，预测，模型和做事的方式，以防止不良或次优的后果。
英文摘要：
Anterior insula (AI) and dACC are known to process information about pain, loss, adversities, bad, harmful or suboptimal choices and consequences that threaten survival or well-being. Pain and loss activate also pregenual ACC (pgACC), linked to sad thoughts, hurt and regrets. The lateral habenula (LHb) is stimulated by predicted and received pain, discomfort, aversive outcome, loss. Its chronic stimulation makes us feel worse/low and gradually stops us choosing and moving for suboptimal, hurtful or punished choices, by direct and indirect (via RMTg) inhibition of DRN and VTA/SNc. Response selectivity of LHb neurons suggests their cortical input from affective and cognitive evaluative regions that make expectations about bad or suboptimal outcomes. Based on these facts I predicted direct corticohabenular projections from the dACC, pgACC and AI, as part of the adversity processing circuit that learns to avoid bad outcomes by suppressing dopamine and serotonin signal. Using DTI I found dACC, pgACC, AI, adjacent caudolateral and lateral OFC projections to LHb. I predicted no corticohabenular projections from the reward processing regions: medial OFC and vACC because both respond most strongly to good, high value stimuli and outcomes, inducing serotonin and dopamine release respectively. This lack of LHb projections was confirmed for vACC and likely for mOFC. The surprising findings were the corticohabenular projections from the cognitive prefrontal cortex regions, known for flexible reasoning, planning and combining whatever information are relevant for reaching current goals. I propose that prefrontohabenular projections provide a teaching signal for value-based choice behaviour, to learn to deselect, avoid or inhibit the potentially harmful, low valued or wrong choices, goals, strategies, predictions, models and ways of doing things, to prevent bad or suboptimal consequences.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
