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arXiv 1402.1783cs.LGcs.CVstat.ML
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基于模型的不确定性降低的主动聚类

Active Clustering with Model-Based Uncertainty Reduction

SUNY at Buffalo(纽约州立大学布法罗分校)

Caiming Xiong, David Johnson, Jason J. Corso

摘要:

半监督聚类试图通过结合人类专业知识提供的辅助信息来增强传统的聚类方法,以增加所得到的聚类的语义意义。然而,大多数当前的方法是\emph{passive},在这个意义上,边信息被预先提供并且被随机选择。这可能需要大量的约束,其中一些可能是冗余的,不必要的,甚至对聚类结果有害。因此,为了将这样的半监督算法扩展到更大的问题,期望追求\emph{active}聚类方法-即,通过仅在将具有最大影响的地方请求人的输入来最大化可用人力劳动的有效性的算法。在这里,我们提出了一个新的在线框架,主动半监督谱聚类,选择成对的约束聚类进行,基于不确定性减少的原则。使用一阶泰勒展开,我们分解成一个梯度和一个步骤规模,通过矩阵扰动理论和集群分配熵的应用程序计算,分别预期的不确定性降低问题。由此产生的模型用于估计数据集中每个样本的不确定性降低潜力。然后,我们提出的人类用户与成对查询,只有最好的候选样本。我们使用三种不同的图像数据集(人脸、树叶和狗)、一组常见的UCI机器学习数据集和一个基因数据集来评估我们的方法。结果验证了我们的分解公式,并表明我们的方法始终优于现有的最先进的技术,以及对噪声和未知数量的聚类具有鲁棒性。

英文摘要:

Semi-supervised clustering seeks to augment traditional clustering methods by incorporating side information provided via human expertise in order to increase the semantic meaningfulness of the resulting clusters. However, most current methods are \emph{passive} in the sense that the side information is provided beforehand and selected randomly. This may require a large number of constraints, some of which could be redundant, unnecessary, or even detrimental to the clustering results. Thus in order to scale such semi-supervised algorithms to larger problems it is desirable to pursue an \emph{active} clustering method---i.e. an algorithm that maximizes the effectiveness of the available human labor by only requesting human input where it will have the greatest impact. Here, we propose a novel online framework for active semi-supervised spectral clustering that selects pairwise constraints as clustering proceeds, based on the principle of uncertainty reduction. Using a first-order Taylor expansion, we decompose the expected uncertainty reduction problem into a gradient and a step-scale, computed via an application of matrix perturbation theory and cluster-assignment entropy, respectively. The resulting model is used to estimate the uncertainty reduction potential of each sample in the dataset. We then present the human user with pairwise queries with respect to only the best candidate sample. We evaluate our method using three different image datasets (faces, leaves and dogs), a set of common UCI machine learning datasets and a gene dataset. The results validate our decomposition formulation and show that our method is consistently superior to existing state-of-the-art techniques, as well as being robust to noise and to unknown numbers of clusters.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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