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arXiv 1401.5740astro-ph.EP
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P/2013 P5 PANSTARRS中的持续活动--这颗彗星不应该被

Continued activity in P/2013 P5 PANSTARRS - The comet that should not be

O. R. Hainaut, H. Boehnhardt, C. Snodgrass, K. J. Meech, J. Deller, M. Gillon, E. Jehin, E. Kuehrt, S. C. Lowry, J. Manfroid, M. Micheli, S. Mottola, C. Opitom,… 展开作者

O. R. Hainaut, H. Boehnhardt, C. Snodgrass, K. J. Meech, J. Deller, M. Gillon, E. Jehin, E. Kuehrt, S. C. Lowry, J. Manfroid, M. Micheli, S. Mottola, C. Opitom, J. -B. Vincent, R. Wainscoat

摘要:

P/2013 P5 PANSTARRS于2013年8月被发现,显示出彗星的尾巴,但具有典型的内小行星主带成员的轨道要素。我们从2013年8月30日到10月5日使用CFHT,NTT,CA 1.23 m,Perkins 1.8 m(Lowell)和0.6 m TRAPPIST望远镜监测该物体。我们测量到它的核半径r < 0.25- 0.29公里,颜色g-r = 0.58+/-0.05和r-i = 0.23+/-0.06,这是典型的S级小行星。未发现振幅< 0.05mag、双峰自转周期<20 h的自转光变曲线。Finson-Probstein对NTT和CFHT的深层图像进行了详细的分析,结果表明该天体至少从2013年1月下旬开始活动,直到2013年9月的最新观测,其中至少有两个活动高峰在2013年6月14+/-10天和2013年7月22+/-3天左右。活动水平和活动峰的变化非常尖锐和短暂,比我们观测的时间分辨率(约1d)短。在这两次事件中,尘埃的分布是相似的,尘埃颗粒至少覆盖了1-1000μm的范围。在两个活度峰附近,<1 mm颗粒中喷射的总质量估计为3.0 × 10 $^6$ kg和2.6 × 10 $^7$ kg。不能排除旋转干扰是尘埃喷射的原因。我们还提出,接触双星的组成部分可能会轻轻摩擦,并产生所观察到的发射。挥发性升华也可以解释彗星在8个月内的活动。然而,虽然主带彗星最好的解释是冰升华发现在主带的外围,那里的水冰被认为能够在太阳系年龄的中等大小的物体中深埋,但在半径小于300米的物体中存在挥发物在内部小行星带中是非常令人惊讶的。

英文摘要:

P/2013 P5 PANSTARRS was discovered in Aug. 2013, displaying a cometary tail, but with orbital elements typical for a member of the inner asteroid Main Belt. We monitored the object from 2013 Aug. 30 until Oct. 05 using the CFHT, NTT, CA 1.23m, Perkins 1.8m (Lowell), and the 0.6m TRAPPIST telescopes. We measured its nuclear radius to be r < 0.25-0.29km, and its colours g-r = 0.58+/-0.05 and r-i = 0.23+/-0.06, typical for an S-class asteroid. We failed to detect any rotational light curve, with an amplitude < 0.05mag and a double-peaked rotation period < 20h. A detailed Finson-Probstein analysis of deep NTT and CFHT images indicated that the object was active since at least late January 2013 until the time of the latest observations in 2013 September, with at least two peaks of activity around 2013 June 14+/-10d and 2013 July 22+/-3d. The changes of activity level and the activity peaks were extremely sharp and short, shorter than the temporal resolution of our observations (about 1d). The dust distribution was similar during these two events, with dust grains covering at least the 1-1000μm range. The total mass ejected in grains <1mm was estimated to be 3.0 10$^6$kg and 2.6 10$^7$kg around the two activity peaks. Rotational disruption cannot be ruled out as the cause of the dust ejection. We also propose that the components of a contact binary might gently rub and produce the observed emission. Volatile sublimation might also explain what appears as cometary activity over a period of 8 months. However, while Main Belt comets best explained by ice sublimation are found in the outskirts of the Main Belt, where water ice is believed to be able to survive buried in moderately large objects for the age of the solar system deeply, the presence of volatiles in an object smaller than 300m in radius would be very surprising in the inner asteroid belt.

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