arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 1401.4593cs.MAcs.AI
收藏

基于位置的多Agent复杂行为推理

Location-Based Reasoning about Complex Multi-Agent Behavior

University of Rochester(罗切斯特大学)

Adam Sadilek, Henry Kautz

摘要:

最近的研究表明,可以从GPS(位置)数据中学习到令人惊讶的丰富的人类活动模型。然而,迄今为止,大多数工作都集中在对单个个体或群体的统计特性进行建模。此外,以前的工作仅仅集中在对感兴趣的活动的实际成功执行(而不是失败或尝试执行)进行建模。相比之下,我们承担的任务是在一个完全相关的多智能体环境中从嘈杂的传感器数据中理解人类的交互、尝试的交互和意图。我们使用一个现实世界的游戏,捕捉国旗,以说明我们的方法在一个明确的域,涉及许多不同的合作和竞争的联合活动。我们使用马尔可夫逻辑(一种概率关系语言)对域进行建模,并学习一种理论,该理论联合对数据进行降噪并推断高级活动的发生,例如玩家捕获敌人。我们的统一模型结合了游戏区域的几何形状,玩家的运动模型,以及游戏规则和动态的概率和逻辑上合理的方式所施加的约束。我们表明,虽然由于传感器噪声或故障可能无法直接检测到多智能体活动,但活动的发生仍然可以通过考虑其对所涉及的人的未来行为的影响以及之前可能发生的事件来推断。此外,我们表明,给定一个成功执行多智能体活动的模型,随着一组失败的尝试在相同的活动的例子,我们的系统自动学习一个增强的模型,能够识别成功和失败,以及高精度的人的行动的目标。我们将我们的方法与其他替代方案进行比较,并表明我们的统一模型,它不仅考虑到单个玩家之间的关系,而且还考虑到整个游戏长度的活动之间的关系,虽然计算成本更高,但要准确得多。最后,我们证明,明确建模不成功的尝试,提高其他重要的识别任务的性能。

英文摘要:

Recent research has shown that surprisingly rich models of human activity can be learned from GPS (positional) data. However, most effort to date has concentrated on modeling single individuals or statistical properties of groups of people. Moreover, prior work focused solely on modeling actual successful executions (and not failed or attempted executions) of the activities of interest. We, in contrast, take on the task of understanding human interactions, attempted interactions, and intentions from noisy sensor data in a fully relational multi-agent setting. We use a real-world game of capture the flag to illustrate our approach in a well-defined domain that involves many distinct cooperative and competitive joint activities. We model the domain using Markov logic, a statistical-relational language, and learn a theory that jointly denoises the data and infers occurrences of high-level activities, such as a player capturing an enemy. Our unified model combines constraints imposed by the geometry of the game area, the motion model of the players, and by the rules and dynamics of the game in a probabilistically and logically sound fashion. We show that while it may be impossible to directly detect a multi-agent activity due to sensor noise or malfunction, the occurrence of the activity can still be inferred by considering both its impact on the future behaviors of the people involved as well as the events that could have preceded it. Further, we show that given a model of successfully performed multi-agent activities, along with a set of examples of failed attempts at the same activities, our system automatically learns an augmented model that is capable of recognizing success and failure, as well as goals of peoples actions with high accuracy. We compare our approach with other alternatives and show that our unified model, which takes into account not only relationships among individual players, but also relationships among activities over the entire length of a game, although more computationally costly, is significantly more accurate. Finally, we demonstrate that explicitly modeling unsuccessful attempts boosts performance on other important recognition tasks.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑