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arXiv 1401.0540astro-ph.GAastro-ph.CO
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从宇宙学初始条件看第一批低质量恒星的形成

Formation of the First Low-Mass Stars from Cosmological Initial Conditions

Chalence Safranek-Shrader, Milos Milosavljevic, Volker Bromm

摘要:

我们模拟了早期宇宙中最早形成的星系之一中贫金属(10^-2 Z太阳)星团的形成,特别是高红移原子冷却晕(z~14)。这是第一个从现实宇宙学初始条件开始的模拟中解决单个金属富集恒星形成的计算。我们跟踪了母晕中几个致密团块中的一个致密团块的演化。这个星团在7000年内形成了一个约40颗恒星和亚恒星天体的星团,并可能继续形成恒星约5倍。原恒星尘埃加热对恒星形成效率的影响可以忽略不计,至少在早期的演化阶段,但它适度抑制气体碎片和褐矮星的形成。我们观察到碎片在薄的气体细丝和持续吸积在较大的,旋转的结构,以及喷射的二元相互作用。经过约10^4年的碎裂和吸积后,对大于0.1兆太阳的恒星初始质量函数进行了评估,这似乎与Geha等人(2013)最近在超暗矮球状星系卫星中的测量结果一致。

英文摘要:

We simulate the formation of a metal-poor (10^-2 Zsun) stellar cluster in one of the first galaxies to form in the early Universe, specifically a high-redshift atomic cooling halo (z~14). This is the first calculation that resolves the formation of individual metal-enriched stars in simulations starting from realistic cosmological initial conditions. We follow the evolution of a single dense clump among several in the parent halo. The clump forms a cluster of ~40 stars and sub-stellar objects within 7000 years and could continue forming stars ~5 times longer. Protostellar dust heating has a negligible effect on the star formation efficiency, at least during the early evolutionary stages, but it moderately suppresses gaseous fragmentation and brown dwarf formation. We observe fragmentation in thin gaseous filaments and sustained accretion in larger, rotating structures as well as ejections by binary interactions. The stellar initial mass function above 0.1 Msun, evaluated after ~10^4 years of fragmentation and accretion, seems in agreement with the recent measurement in ultra-faint dwarf spheroidal Galactic satellites of Geha et al. (2013).

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