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arXiv 1401.0507cond-mat.mes-hall
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基于螺旋液体的混合结构输运性质中Majorana束缚态的证据

Evidence for Majorana bound states in transport properties of hybrid structures based on helical liquids

François Crépin, Björn Trauzettel, Fabrizio Dolcini

摘要:

马约拉纳束缚态可以在二维拓扑绝缘体的边缘以零能模的形式出现在普通s波超导体附近。靠近超导体的额外铁磁畴的存在可以导致它们的局部化。我们考虑了基于螺旋液体的N-S结和S-N-S结,并研究了它们在正常区域内任意铁磁散射体的光谱特性。因此,我们明确计算零能量下的Andreev波函数。我们表明,在何种条件下,这些国家形成本地化的马约拉纳束缚态的N-S和S-N-S结。有趣的是,我们可以识别马约拉纳特定的签名在N-S结的输运性质和Andreev绑定水平的S-N-S结是强大的对外部扰动。我们用靠近N-S边界的铁磁双势垒(即量子点)的例子来说明这些发现。

英文摘要:

Majorana bound states can emerge as zero-energy modes at the edge of a two-dimensional topological insulator in proximity to an ordinary s-wave superconductor. The presence of an additional ferromagnetic domain close to the superconductor can lead to their localization. We consider both N-S and S-N-S junctions based on helical liquids and study their spectral properties for arbitrary ferromagnetic scatterers in the normal region. Thereby, we explicitly compute Andreev wave-functions at zero energy. We show under which conditions these states form localized Majorana bound states in N-S and S-N-S junctions. Interestingly, we can identify Majorana-specific signatures in the transport properties of N-S junctions and the Andreev bound levels of S-N-S junctions that are robust against external perturbations. We illustrate these findings with the example of a ferromagnetic double barrier (i.e. a quantum dot) close to the N-S boundaries.

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