We calculate the gauge terms of the one-loop anomalous dimension matrix for the dimension-six operators of the Standard Model effective field theory (SM EFT). Combining these results with our previous results for the $λ$ and Yukawa coupling terms completes the calculation of the one-loop anomalous dimension matrix for the dimension-six operators. There are 1350 $CP$-even and $1149$ $CP$-odd parameters in the dimension-six Lagrangian for 3 generations, and our results give the entire $2499 \times 2499$ anomalous dimension matrix. We discuss how the renormalization of the dimension-six operators, and the additional renormalization of the dimension $d \le 4$ terms of the SM Lagrangian due to dimension-six operators, lays the groundwork for future precision studies of the SM EFT aimed at constraining the effects of new physics through precision measurements at the electroweak scale. As some sample applications, we discuss some aspects of the full RGE improved result for essential processes such as $gg \to h$, $h \to γγ$ and $h \to Z γ$, for Higgs couplings to fermions, for the precision electroweak parameters $S$ and $T$, and for the operators that modify important processes in precision electroweak phenomenology, such as the three-body Higgs boson decay $h \rightarrow Z \, \ell^+ \, \ell^-$ and triple gauge boson couplings. We discuss how the renormalization group improved results can be used to study the flavor problem in the SM EFT, and to test the minimal flavor violation (MFV) hypothesis. We briefly discuss the renormalization effects on the dipole coefficient $C_{eγ}$ which contributes to $μ\to e γ$ and to the muon and electron magnetic and electric dipole moments.
In this thesis, we investigate several aspects of models with a multiplicity of Higgs bosons. We start by focusing on models with two Higgs doublets. We claim that one of the most used models in the literature -- the so-called real 2-Higgs-Doublet Model (2HDM) -- is inconsistent. We give special emphasis to the model that corrects it in the most simple way, the complex 2HDM; we study its phenomenology in the lowest order of perturbation theory and describe its renormalization in the following order. Motivated by this renormalization, we analyze in detail tadpole schemes that allow the selectio…
We showed in a previous publication that there are six independent dimension-seven operators violating both lepton and baryon numbers ($L=-B=1$) and twelve ones violating lepton but preserving baryon number ($L=2,~B=0$) in standard model effective field theory, and we calculated one-loop renormalization for the former six operators. In this work we continue our efforts on renormalization of the operators. It turns out this could become subtle because the operators are connected by nontrivial relations when fermion flavors are counted. This kind of relations does not appear in lower dimensional…
By use of the AdS/CFT correspondence on orbifolds, models are derived which can contain the standard model of particle phenomenology. It will be assumed that the theory becomes conformally invariant at a renormalization-group fixed-point in the TeV region.
We show that when the supersymmetric SU(5) model is extended to explain small neutrino masses by the type III seesaw mechanism, the new {\bf 24}-dimensional fields needed for the purpose can act as messengers for transmitting SUSY breaking from a hidden sector to the visible sector. For the three {\bf 24} case, the constraints of grand unification and suppressed lepton flavor violation restrict the seesaw scale in this case to be in the narrow range of $10^{12}-10^{13}$ GeV. The model predicts (i) a stable LSP gravitino with mass in the range of 1-10 MeV which can be a cold dark matter of the …
We discuss the implications of assuming a four-zero Yukawa texture for the properties of the charged Higgs boson within the context of the general 2-Higgs Doublet Model of Type III. We begin by presenting a detailed analysis of the charged Higgs boson couplings with heavy quarks and the resulting pattern for its decays. The production of charged Higgs bosons is also sensitive to the modifications of its couplings, so that we also evaluate the resulting effects on the top decay $t \to b H^{+}$ as well as on `direct' $c\bar{b}\to H^++c. c.$ and `indirect' $q\bar q,gg\to \bar t b H^++c. c.$ produ…
We discuss renormalization of propagator of interacting Rarita--Schwinger field. Spin-3/2 contribution after renormalization takes usual resonance form. For non-leading spin-1/2 terms we found procedure, which guarantees absence of poles in energy plane. The obtained renormalized propagator has one free parameter and is a straight generalization of the famous free propagator of Moldauer and Case. Application of this propagator for production of $Δ^{++}(1232)$ in $π^{+}\particle{p}\to π^{+}\particle{p}$ leads to good description of total cross-section and to reasonable agreement with results of…
We study a supersymmetric version of the seesaw mechanism type-III considering two variants of the model: a minimal version for explaining neutrino data with only two copies of 24-plet superfields and a model with three generations of 24-plets. The latter predicts in general rates for $μ\to eγ$ inconsistent with experimental data. However, this bound can be evaded if certain special conditions within the neutrino sector are fulfilled. In case of two 24-plets lepton flavour violation constraints can be satisfied much easier. After specifying the corresponding regions in the CMSSM parameter spac…
We constrain some lepton flavor violating vertices in the context of the two Higgs doublet model type III, assuming that the lightest scalar Higgs mass $% m_{h^{0}} $is about $115 $GeV. Specifically, based on the $g-2 $muon factor and the decay width of$ μ\to eγ$,$ $the following quite general bounds are obtained:$ 7.62\times 10^{-4}\lesssim ξ_{μτ}^{2}\lesssim 4.44\times 10^{-2}, $ $ξ_{eτ}^{2}\lesssim 2.77\times 10^{-14}$. Additionally, based on the processes $τ\to μγ$, and $τ\to μμμ$, bounds on $ξ_{ττ} $and $ξ_{μμ} $are also gotten, such constraints on these parameters$ $still give enough roo…
We discuss flavor-violating constraints and consequently possible charged Higgs boson phenomenology emerging from a four-zero Yukawa texture embedded within the Type-III 2-Higgs Doublet Model (2HDM-III). Firstly, we show in detail how we can obtain several kinds of 2HDMs when some parameters in the Yukawa texture are absent. Secondly, we present a comprehensive study of the main B-physics constraints on such parameters induced by flavor-changing processes, in particular on the off-diagonal terms of such a texture: i.e., from $μ-e$ universality in $τ$ decays, several leptonic B-decays ($B \to τ…
We consider a supersymmetric SU(5) model where two neutrino masses are obtained via a mixed type I+III seesaw mechanism induced by the component fields of a single SU(5) adjoint. We have analyzed the phenomenology of the model paying particular attention to flavour violating processes and dark matter relic density, assuming universal boundary conditions. We have found that, for a seesaw scale larger than $10^{12÷13}$ GeV, BR$(μ\to e γ)$ is in the reach of the MEG experiment in sizable regions of the parameter space. On the other side, current bounds on it force BR$(τ\to μγ)$ to be well below t…
In part I and II of this series of papers all elements have been introduced to extend, to two loops, the set of renormalization procedures which are needed in describing the properties of a spontaneously broken gauge theory. In this paper, the final step is undertaken and finite renormalization is discussed. Two-loop renormalization equations are introduced and their solutions discussed within the context of the minimal standard model of fundamental interactions. These equations relate renormalized Lagrangian parameters (couplings and masses) to some input parameter set containing physical (ps…
We study the Renormalization Group evolution of the couplings in a model with a real SU(2) triplet in the Higgs sector. Insisting that the model remain valid up to 1 TeV we show that it is possible for there to be no light Higgs bosons without any otherwise dramatic deviation from the physics of the Standard Model.
We discuss the implications of assuming a four-zero Yukawa texture for the properties of the charged Higgs boson within the context of the general 2-Higgs Doublet Model of Type III. We present the charged Higgs boson couplings with heavy quarks and the resulting pattern for its decays, including the decay $H^+ \to W^+ γ$ at 1-loop level. The parameters chosen can still avoid the $B \to X_s γ$ constraint, the perturbativity and $ρ_0$ bound. Also, we present the constraints of $ B0-\bar{B}0$ mixing and of the radiative corrections to the $Z b \bar{b}$ vertex in the regime small $ \tan β$. The pr…
We update the flavor-violating constraints on the charged Higgs sector of the 2-Higgs Doublet Model Type-III (2HDM-III), using a four-zero texture in the Yukawa matrices. We give a generic Lagrangian of the 2HDM-III. In order to show the relevance of the off-diagonal terms of such a texture, we utilize the main constraints from $B$-physics, $μ-e$ universality in $τ$ decays and the radiative decay $Z\to b \bar{b}$ presented recently in arXiv:1212.6818 [hep-ph]. In particular, we show that the $H^- c \bar{b}$ coupling can be very large and very different with respect to 2HDMs with a flavor discr…
We consider the standard model extended by heavy right handed fermions transforming as triplets under SU(2)$_L$, which generate neutrino masses through the Type-III seesaw mechanism. At energies below their respective mass scales, the heavy fields get sequentially decoupled to give an effective dimension-5 operator. Above their mass thresholds, these fields also participate in the renormalization of the wavefunctions, masses and coupling constants. We compute the renormalization group evolution of the effective neutrino mass matrix in this model, with particular emphasis on the threshold effec…
We compare the results of renormalization-group and lattice studies for the properties of the electroweak phase transition. This comparison reveals the mechanisms that underlie the phenomenology of the phase transition.
We analyze the present bounds of a scotogenic model, the Radiative Type III Seesaw (RSIII), in which an additional scalar doublet and at least two fermion triplets of $SU(2)_L$ are added to the Standard Model (SM). In the RSIII the new physics (NP) sector is odd under an exact global $Z_2$ symmetry. This symmetry guaranties that the lightest NP neutral particle is stable, providing a natural dark matter (DM) candidate, and leads to naturally suppressed neutrino masses generated by a one-loop realization of an effective Weinberg operator. We focus on the region with the highest sensitivity in p…
We will investigate the scenario in which the Standard Model (SM) Higgs sector and its 2-doublet extension (called the Two Higgs Doublet Model or 2HDM) are the "portal" for the interactions between the Standard Model and a fermionic Dark Matter (DM) candidate. The latter is the lightest stable neutral particle of a family of vector-like leptons (VLLs). We will provide an extensive overview of this scenario combining the constraints purely coming from DM phenomenology with more general constraints like Electro-weak Precision Tests (EWPT) as well as with collider searches. In the case that the n…
We calculate the two-loop beta functions of the right-handed neutrino mass matrix in the Standard Model extended with right-handed neutrinos. We show that two-loop quantum effects induced by the heavier right-handed neutrinos can induce sizable contributions (sometimes dominant) to the physical masses of the lighter right-handed neutrinos. These effects can significantly affect the masses of the active neutrinos in the seesaw mechanism and the low energy phenomenology.
We study the renormalization group equations (RGEs) of the neutrino parameters in models of Minimal Lepton Flavor Violation. In such models, the RGEs can be described in terms of flavor spurions, such that only the coefficients depend on the specific model. We explicitly demonstrate this method for the SM and MSSM for both Type-I and Type-III seesaw models. For that purpose, the RGEs of neutrino parameters in the MSSM Type-III seesaw have been computed. We have extended this method to get the evolution equations at second order. The implications for leptogenesis are also discussed.
We evaluate the one-loop $β$ functions of all dimension 6 parity-preserving operators in the Abelian Higgs-Kibble model. No on-shell restrictions are imposed; and the (generalized) non-polynomial field redefinitions arising at one-loop order are fully taken into account. The operator mixing matrix is also computed, and its cancellation patterns explained as a consequence of the functional identities of the theory and power-counting conditions.
We show that using renormalization-group summation to generate the QCD radiative corrections to the $π-γ$ transition form factor, calculated with lightcone sum rules (LCSR), renders the strong coupling free of Landau singularities while preserving the QCD form-factor asymptotics. This enables a reliable applicability of the LCSR method to momenta well below 1 GeV$^2$. This way, one can use the new preliminary BESIII data with unprecedented accuracy below 1.5 GeV$^2$ to fine tune the prefactor of the twist-six contribution. Using a combined fit to all available data below 3.1 GeV$^2$, we are ab…
We study the phenomenology of a 5D $SU(3)_W$ model on a $S_1/(Z_2\times Z'_2)$ orbifold in which the minimal scalar sector plays an essential role of radiatively generating neutrino Majorana masses without the benefits of right-handed singlets. We carefully examine how do the exotic scalars affect the renormalization group (RG) equations for the gauge couplings and the 5D $SU(3)_W$ unification. We found that the compactification scale of extra dimension is in the range of $1/R\sim 1.5-5$ TeV. The possibility of the existence of relatively low mass Kaluza-Klein excitations makes the phenomenolo…
To generate small neutrino masses radiatively, the Zee-model introduces two Higgs doublets and one weak-singlet charged Higgs boson to its Higgs sector. From analyzing the renormalization group equations, we determine the possibile range of the lightest CP-even Higgs boson ($h$) mass and the Higgs boson self-couplings as a function of the cut-off scale beyond which either some of the coupling constants are strong enough to invalidate the perturbative analysis or the stability of the electroweak vacuum is no longer guaranteed. Using the results obtained from the above analysis, we find that the…
Supersymmetric GUTs based on SO(10) gauge group are leading contenders to describe particle physics beyond the Standard Model. Among these the "New minimal supersymmetric SO(10) grand unified theory" (NMSGUT) based on Higgs system 10+120+210+126+$\overline{126}$ has been developing since 1982. It now successfully fits the whole standard Model gauge coupling, symmetry breaking and fermion mass-mixing data as well as the neutrino mass and mixing data in terms of NMSGUT parameters and just 6 soft supersymmetry breaking parameters defined at the GUT scale. In this thesis we study the phenomenology…
We present a nonperturbative renormalization group solution of the Gell-Mann--Levy $σ$-model which was originally proposed as a phenomenological description of the dynamics of nucleons and mesons. In our version of the model the fermions are interpreted as quarks which interact via the $σ$ and $π$ mesons. We derive and numerically solve renormalization group (RG) flow equations to leading order in a derivative expansion to study the behavior of the model as it evolves from high to low momentum scales. We develop an expansion in chiral-symmetry-breaking which enables us to track this symmetry b…
The presence of new matter fields charged under the Standard Model gauge group at intermediate scales below the Grand Unification scale modifies the renormalization group evolution of the gauge couplings. This can in turn significantly change the running of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model parameters, in particular the gaugino and the scalar masses. In the absence of new large Yukawa couplings we can parameterise all the intermediate scale models in terms of only two parameters controlling the size of the unified gauge coupling. As a consequence of the modified running, the low energy…
We continue investigation of the renormalization group and decoupling of the quantized massive fields in curved space. In the present work we analyze a theory, where fields gain their masses due to the Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking (SSB), that is the case providing a remarkable exception from the Appelquist-Carazzone theorem in the matter fields sector. In the vacuum sector, already at the classical level, the theory with SSB includes, in the general case an infinite number of the non-local terms in the induced vacuum action. Despite this surprising property, we show that the theory is renorma…
We explore the potential of the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC) to test the dynamical torsion parameters. The form of the torsion action can be established from the requirements of consistency of effective quantum field theory. The most phenomenologically relevant part of the torsion tensor is dual to a massive axial vector field. This axial vector has geometric nature, that means it does not belong to any representation of the gauge group of the SM extension or GUT theory. At the same time, torsion should interact with all fermions, that opens the way for the phenomenological applications. W…
The discovery of neutrino masses has provided strong hints in favor of the possibility that B-L symmetry is an intimate feature of physics beyond the standard model. I discuss how important information about this symmetry as well as other scenarios for TeV scale new physics can be obtained from the baryon number violating process, neutron-anti-neutron oscillation. This article presents an overview of different aspects of neutron-anti-neutron oscillation and is divided into the following parts : (i) the phenomenon; (ii) the physics, (iii) plausible models and (iv) applications to cosmology. In …
A model which combines the perturbative behavior of QCD with low energy phenomenology in a unified framework is developed. This is achieved by applying a similarity transformation to the QCD Hamiltonian which removes interactions between the ultraviolet cutoff and an arbitrary lower scale. Iteration then yields a renormalization group improved effective Hamiltonian at the hadronic energy scale. The procedure preserves the standard ultraviolet behavior of QCD. Furthermore, the Hamiltonian evolves smoothly to a phenomenological low energy behavior below the hadronic scale. This method has the be…
We consider a conformal complex singlet extension of the Standard Model with a Higgs portal interaction. Two different scenarios depending on whether the global U(1) symmetry is broken or not have been studied. In the unbroken phase, the decay of the complex singlet is protected by the global U(1) symmetry which leads to an ideal cold dark matter candidate. In the broken phase, we are able to provide a second Higgs at $554\,\rm{GeV}$. In addition, gauging the global U(1) symmetry, we can construct an asymptotically safe U(1)' leptophobic model. We combine the notion of asymptotic safety with c…
In this paper the building blocks for the two-loop renormalization of the Standard Model are introduced with a comprehensive discussion of the special vertices induced in the Lagrangian by a particular diagonalization of the neutral sector and by two alternative treatments of the Higgs tadpoles. Dyson resummed propagators for the gauge bosons are derived, and two-loop Ward-Slavnov-Taylor identities are discussed. In part II, the complete set of counterterms needed for the two-loop renormalization will be derived. In part III, a renormalization scheme will be introduced, connecting the renormal…
Phenomenology of a double dilaton soft-wall model: Alpha strong from Ricci flow and pion Form Factors at intermediate-energy region
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona（巴塞罗那自治大学）；Institut de Física d’Altes Energies (IFAE)（高能物理研究所）；The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST)（巴塞罗那科学与技术研究院）
We provide a detailed description of the Fortran code CPsuperH, a newly--developed computational package that calculates the mass spectrum and decay widths of the neutral and charged Higgs bosons in the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model with explicit CP violation. The program is based on recent renormalization-group-improved diagrammatic calculations that include dominant higher--order logarithmic and threshold corrections, b-quark Yukawa-coupling resummation effects and Higgs-boson pole-mass shifts. The code CPsuperH is self--contained (with all subroutines included), is easy and fast to …
We consider a minimal extension of the standard model where a real, gauge singlet scalar field is added to the standard spectrum. Introducing the Ansatz of universality of scalar couplings, we are led to a scenario which has a set of very distinctive and testable predictions: (i) the mixing between the standard model Higgs and the new state is near maximal, (ii) the ratio of the two Higgs mass eigenstates is fixed ($\sim \sqrt{3}$), (iii) the decay modes of each of the two eigenstates are standard model like. We also study how electroweak precision tests constrain this scenario. We predict the…
A version of M-theory phenomenology is proposed in which the symmetry is based on the group $SO(10) \times SO(10) \times SO(10) \times U(1) \times U(1)$. Each SO(10) group acts on a single generation. The $U(1) \times U(1)$ is regarded as the hidden sector symmetry group. The supersymmetry is broken in the hidden sector by the Fayet-Iliopoulos $D$-term for each group. The $D$-term is needed also to circumvent the powerful non-renormalization theorem since the $SO(10) \times SO(10) \times SO(10)$ is broken down to the usual SO(10) by the pair condensation of certain messenger sector multiplets.…
I discuss three topics in physics of massive (two solar-mass and larger) neutron stars containing deconfined quark matter: (i) the equation of state of deconfined dense quark matter and its color superconducting phases, (ii) the thermal evolution of stars with quark cores, (iii) color-magnetic flux tubes in type-II superconducting quark matter and their dynamics driven by Aharonov-Bohm interactions with unpaired fermions.
Phenomenological applications of an effective theory of low-lying excited states of charm and bottom isoscalar baryons are discussed at leading and next-to-leading order in the combined heavy quark and large $N_c$ expansion. The combined expansion is formulated in terms of the counting parameter $λ\sim 1/m_Q, 1/N_c$; the combined expansion is in powers of $λ^{1/2}$. We work up to next-to-leading order. We obtain model-independent predictions for the excitation energies, the semileptonic form factors and electromagnetic decay rates. The spin-averaged mass of the doublet of the first orbitally e…
We compute the renormalization of dimension six Higgs-gauge boson operators that can modify Γ(h -> γγ) at tree-level. Operator mixing is shown to lead to an important modification of new physics effects which has been neglected in past calculations. We also find that the usual formula for the S oblique parameter contribution of these Higgs-gauge boson operators needs additional terms to be consistent with renormalization group evolution. We study the implications of our results for Higgs phenomenology and for new physics models which attempt to explain a deviation in Γ(h -> γγ). We derive a ne…
The Next-to-Minimal 2-Higgs-Doublet Model (N2HDM) is an interesting benchmark model for a Higgs sector consisting of two complex doublet and one real singlet fields. Like the Next-to-Minimal Supersymmetric extension (NMSSM) it features light Higgs bosons that could have escaped discovery due to their singlet admixture. Thereby, the model allows for various different Higgs-to-Higgs decay modes. Contrary to the NMSSM, however, the model is not subject to supersymmetric relations restraining its allowed parameter space and its phenomenology. For the correct determination of the allowed parameter …
The quark mass matrices ansatze proposed by Fritzsch, Du-Xing and Fukuyama-Nishiura in the framework of the general two Higgs doublet model are studied. The corresponding Yukawa matrices in the flavor basis in the different cases considered are discussed. The corresponding Cabbibo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix elements are computed in all cases and compared with their experimental values. The complex phases of the ansatze are taken into account and the CP violating phase $δ$ is computed. Finally, in order to observe the influence of the different kind of textures of Yukawa coupling matrices conside…
We investigate the symmetry properties for Baym's $Φ$-derivable schemes. We show that in general the solutions of the dynamical equations of motion, derived from approximations of the $Φ$-functional, do not fulfill the Ward-Takahashi identities of the symmetry of the underlying classical action, although the conservation laws for the expectation values of the corresponding Noether currents are fulfilled exactly for the approximation. Further we prove that one can define an effective action functional in terms of the self-consistent propagators which is invariant under the operation of the same…
We study gauge coupling unification and various phenomenological issues, such as baryon number conservation, the $μ$ problem and neutrino anomalies, within SUSY 5D orbifold models. The 5D MSSM on an $S^{(1)}/Z_2$ orbifold with 'minimal' field content does not lead to low scale unification, while some of its extensions can give unification near the multi TeV scale. Within the orbifold SU(5) GUT, low scale unification can not be realized due to full SU(5) multiplets participating in the renormalization above the compactification scale. As alternative examples, we construct 5D N=1 SUSY Pati-Salam…
We propose an extension of the SUSY SU(5) which predicts LHC testable type-III seesaw. The supersymmetric SU(5) GUT model is extended by adding a 24-plet matter superfield along with a pair of $10_H$-plet and $\bar{10}_H$-plet Higgs superfields. The 24-plet carries a triplet and a singlet fermion multiplet of SU(2)$_L$, which leads to type I+III seesaw. The additional $10_H$ (and $\bar{10}_H$) multiplets help in achieving gauge coupling unification while keeping the triplet fermion mass in the TeV range, making them accessible at LHC. We study the phenomenology of this model in detail. Large l…
We investigate the low energy phenomenology of the lighter pseudoscalar $A_1^0$ in the NMSSM. The $A_1^0$ mass can naturally be small due to a global $U(1)_R$ symmetry of the Higgs potential, which is only broken by trilinear soft terms. The $A_1^0$ mass is further protected from renormalization group effects in the large $\tan β$ limit. We calculate the $b \to s A_1^0$ amplitude at leading order in $\tan β$ and work out the contributions to rare $K$, $B$ and radiative $Υ$-decays and $B -\bar B$ mixing. We obtain constraints on the $A_1^0$ mass and couplings and show that masses down to ${\cal…
In type III seesaw utilized to explain the observed solar and atmospheric neutrino oscillations the Standard Model (SM) particle spectrum is extended by introducing three SU(2)_L triplet fermion fields. This can have important implications for the SM Higgs boson mass (M_H) bounds based on vacuum stability and perturbativity arguments. We compute the appropriate renormalization group equations for type III seesaw, and then proceed to identify regions of the parameter space such that the SM Higgs boson mass window is enlarged to 125 GeV < M_H < 174 GeV, with the type III seesaw scale close to Te…
In part I general aspects of the renormalization of a spontaneously broken gauge theory have been introduced. Here, in part II, two-loop renormalization is introduced and discussed within the context of the minimal Standard Model. Therefore, this paper deals with the transition between bare parameters and fields to renormalized ones. The full list of one- and two-loop counterterms is shown and it is proven that, by a suitable extension of the formalism already introduced at the one-loop level, two-point functions suffice in renormalizing the model. The problem of overlapping ultraviolet diverg…
