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arXiv 1312.0980physics.opticsquant-ph
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光波偏振诱导的几何相位和潘查拉特南相位

Geometric phase and Pancharatnam phase induced by light wave polarization

J. Lages, R. Giust, J. -M. Vigoureux

摘要:

我们使用量子运动学的方法来重新审视与单色光波的偏振过程相关的几何相位。给出了光波态的任意幺正或非幺正、循环或非循环变换的几何相位表达式。与通常考虑的吸收偏振器的情况不同,我们发现光波通过偏振器时通常可以获得非零的几何相位。尽管根据Pancharatnam准则,初始和最终偏振态是同相的,并且不能使用干涉叠加测量,但是这种几何相位仍然存在。因此,潘查拉特南相位和通过穿过偏振器的光波获得的完整几何相位之间存在差异。我们用基于全反射的偏振器的具体例子来说明我们的工作。

英文摘要:

We use the quantum kinematic approach to revisit geometric phases associated with polarizing processes of a monochromatic light wave. We give the expressions of geometric phases for any, unitary or non-unitary, cyclic or non-cyclic transformations of the light wave state. Contrarily to the usually considered case of absorbing polarizers, we found that a light wave passing through a polarizer may acquire in general a non zero geometric phase. This geometric phase exists despite the fact that initial and final polarization states are in phase according to the Pancharatnam criterion and can not be measured using interferometric superposition. Consequently, there is a difference between the Pancharatnam phase and the complete geometric phase acquired by a light wave passing through a polarizer. We illustrate our work with the particular example of total reflection based polarizers.

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