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arXiv 1312.0171physics.soc-phcs.SI
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复杂网络作为等级偏好连接的一种新特性

Complex networks as an emerging property of hierarchical preferential attachment

Laurent Hébert-Dufresne, Edward Laurence, Antoine Allard, Jean-Gabriel Young, Louis J. Dubé

摘要:

真正的复杂系统并不是严格结构化的,它们的构造并不存在明确的规则或蓝图。然而,在它们明显的随机性中,复杂的结构特性普遍出现。我们提出,一类重要的复杂系统可以被建模为一个组织的许多嵌入式水平(潜在的无限数量),所有这些都遵循相同的普遍增长原则被称为优先连接。我们给出了在真实系统中的这种层次结构的例子,例如在电影工业的生产实体的金字塔中。更重要的是,我们展示了如何将真实的复杂网络解释为我们模型的投影,从中自然地出现了它们的尺度独立性、聚类性、层次性、分形性和可导航性。我们的研究结果表明,复杂的网络,被视为不断增长的系统,可以是相当简单的,他们的结构的明显的复杂性在很大程度上是他们的未观察到的层次性质的反映。

英文摘要:

Real complex systems are not rigidly structured; no clear rules or blueprints exist for their construction. Yet, amidst their apparent randomness, complex structural properties universally emerge. We propose that an important class of complex systems can be modeled as an organization of many embedded levels (potentially infinite in number), all of them following the same universal growth principle known as preferential attachment. We give examples of such hierarchy in real systems, for instance in the pyramid of production entities of the film industry. More importantly, we show how real complex networks can be interpreted as a projection of our model, from which their scale independence, their clustering, their hierarchy, their fractality and their navigability naturally emerge. Our results suggest that complex networks, viewed as growing systems, can be quite simple, and that the apparent complexity of their structure is largely a reflection of their unobserved hierarchical nature.

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