使用量子形式主义的数学推广将概念情境化
Contextualizing concepts using a mathematical generalization of the quantum formalism
摘要：
我们概述了使用状态上下文属性（SCOP）的形式主义，最初作为量子力学的推广，描述的上下文方式，概念被唤起，使用和组合，以产生意义的基本原理和初步结果。量子形式主义的发展是为了解决在描述（i）测量过程中出现的问题，以及（ii）当粒子纠缠时产生具有新性质的新状态。在概念中出现的类似问题促使我们在这里进行正式的处理。概念不被视为固定的表征，而是存在于潜在状态中的实体，需要与上下文（刺激或另一个概念）进行交互，以“折叠”到实例化形式（例如，范例，原型或其他可能的想象实例）。刺激情境在物理学中扮演着测量的角色，它作为一种语境，导致认知状态从叠加态到坍塌态的转变。与分析思维相比，崩溃状态更可能由联想思维的概念连接组成，因为更多的刺激或概念属性参与了崩溃。我们提供了两个上下文的概念距离的措施，一个使用崩溃概率和其他加权属性，并显示它们如何可以应用到连接使用宠物鱼问题。
英文摘要：
We outline the rationale and preliminary results of using the state context property (SCOP) formalism, originally developed as a generalization of quantum mechanics, to describe the contextual manner in which concepts are evoked, used and combined to generate meaning. The quantum formalism was developed to cope with problems arising in the description of (i) the measurement process, and (ii) the generation of new states with new properties when particles become entangled. Similar problems arising with concepts motivated the formal treatment introduced here. Concepts are viewed not as fixed representations, but entities existing in states of potentiality that require interaction with a context-a stimulus or another concept-to 'collapse' to an instantiated form (e.g. exemplar, prototype, or other possibly imaginary instance). The stimulus situation plays the role of the measurement in physics, acting as context that induces a change of the cognitive state from superposition state to collapsed state. The collapsed state is more likely to consist of a conjunction of concepts for associative than analytic thought because more stimulus or concept properties take part in the collapse. We provide two contextual measures of conceptual distance-one using collapse probabilities and the other weighted properties-and show how they can be applied to conjunctions using the pet fish problem.
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