文化进化中两种认知转变的计算模型
A Computational Model of Two Cognitive Transitions Underlying Cultural Evolution
摘要：
我们测试了这一提议的计算可行性，即开放式文化进化是通过两种认知转变实现的：（1）将思想链在一起的能力的开始，其次是（2）上下文焦点（CF）的开始：在有利于“打破常规”的发散思维模式和有利于微小修改的收敛思维模式之间转换的能力。这些转变在EVOC中进行了模拟，EVOC是一种基于代理的文化进化模型，其中代理的行为适应性随着代理发明新行为的想法而增加，并模仿其邻居的行为。这两个平均健身和多样性的行动在整个社会增加与链接，甚至更多的CF，假设。CF只有在适应度函数改变时才有效，这支持了它在产生和提炼想法中的假设作用。
英文摘要：
We tested the computational feasibility of the proposal that open-ended cultural evolution was made possible by two cognitive transitions: (1) onset of the capacity to chain thoughts together, followed by (2) onset of contextual focus (CF): the capacity to shift between a divergent mode of thought conducive to 'breaking out of a rut' and a convergent mode of thought conducive to minor modifications. These transitions were simulated in EVOC, an agent-based model of cultural evolution, in which the fitness of agents' actions increases as agents invent ideas for new actions, and imitate the fittest of their neighbors' actions. Both mean fitness and diversity of actions across the society increased with chaining, and even more so with CF, as hypothesized. CF was only effective when the fitness function changed, which supports its hypothesized role in generating and refining ideas.
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