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arXiv 1310.2158astro-ph.GA
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坍缩云中的Cosmic-ray电离

Cosmic-ray ionisation in collapsing clouds

Marco Padovani, Patrick Hennebelle, Daniele Galli

摘要:

宇宙射线(CR)在致密分子核中起着重要的作用,它影响着致密分子核的热力学和动力学演化,并引发化学反应。几项研究表明,在坍缩云中形成原恒星盘的过程会受到夹带的磁场施加在下落气体上的制动力矩的严重阻碍,只要磁场仍然冻结在气体上。我们研究的可能性,在崩溃的内部区域的电场线的浓度和扭曲可以产生显着减少的电离分数。为了检查CR电离率(CRIR)是否可以下降到保持良好耦合所需的临界值以下,我们首先研究了CR在静态磁化云模型中的传播,该模型改变了环形/极向分量的相对强度和质量通量比。然后,我们按照CR的路径使用现实的磁场配置产生的旋转坍缩核心的数值模拟。我们发现,一个增量的环形分量的磁场,或者,在一般情况下,一个更扭曲的配置的场线,结果在减少CR通量。这主要是由于磁场方向变化较大时的磁镜像效应较强。特别是在300-400 AU的中心区域,我们发现CRir降低到10^-18 s-1以下,这里的密度高于10^9 cm-3。CRir的这个非常低的值是在中等和低磁化强度(质量-通量比λ分别=5和17)的情况下以及对于大于总磁场的约40%的环形场获得的。磁场效应可以显著地减少坍缩云中的电离分数。我们提供了一个简便的拟合公式来近似计算CRir在分子云中的衰减作为密度和磁位形的函数。

英文摘要:

Cosmic rays (CR) play an important role in dense molecular cores, affecting their thermal and dynamical evolution and initiating the chemistry. Several studies have shown that the formation of protostellar discs in collapsing clouds is severely hampered by the braking torque exerted by the entrained magnetic field on the infalling gas, as long as the field remains frozen to the gas. We examine the possibility that the concentration and twisting of the field lines in the inner region of collapse can produce a significant reduction of the ionisation fraction. To check whether the CR ionisation rate (CRir) can fall below the critical value required to maintain good coupling, we first study the propagation of CRs in a model of a static magnetised cloud varying the relative strength of the toroidal/poloidal components and the mass-to-flux ratio. We then follow the path of CRs using realistic magnetic field configurations generated by numerical simulations of a rotating collapsing core. We find that an increment of the toroidal component of the magnetic field, or, in general, a more twisted configuration of the field lines, results in a decrease in the CR flux. This is mainly due to the magnetic mirroring effect that is stronger where larger variations in the field direction are present. In particular, we find a decrease of the CRir below 10^-18 s-1 in the central 300-400 AU, where density is higher than about 10^9 cm-3. This very low value of the CRir is attained in the cases of intermediate and low magnetisation (mass-to-flux ratio lambda=5 and 17, respectively) and for toroidal fields larger than about 40% of the total field. Magnetic field effects can significantly reduce the ionisation fraction in collapsing clouds. We provide a handy fitting formula to compute approximately the attenuation of the CRir in a molecular cloud as a function of the density and the magnetic configuration.

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