arXiv 1310.19952013-10-08quant-ph

利用Zitterbewegung和自旋轨道相互作用研究电子和光子的统一动力学

Unified Dynamics of Electrons and Photons via Zitterbewegung and Spin-Orbit Interaction

C. C. Leary, Karl H. Smith

备注：: 13 pages, 2 figures
DOI：: 10.1103/PhysRevA.89.023831

摘要：

我们表明，当一个电子或光子在圆柱对称波导中传播时，它经历了zitterbewegung效应和自旋轨道相互作用，导致两种粒子的传播动力学相同。应用统一的微扰方法，这两个粒子同时，我们发现，一阶微扰理论的哈密顿量包含相同的达尔文（zitterbewegung）和自旋轨道项，从而统一了他们的动力学。zitterbewegung效应的存在可以物理地解释为电子在其康普顿波长尺度上的离域，或者光子在波导中在其波长尺度上的离域。自旋-轨道相互作用的存在导致了几种旋转效应的预测：任一粒子的自旋/极化矢量的空间或时间演化由其轨道角动量量子数的符号控制，或者相反，其空间波函数由其自旋角动量控制。

英文摘要：

We show that when an electron or photon propagates in a cylindrically symmetric waveguide, it experiences both a zitterbewegung effect and a spin-orbit interaction leading to identical propagation dynamics for both particles. Applying a unified perturbative approach to both particles simultaneously, we find that to first-order in perturbation theory their Hamiltonians each contain identical Darwin (zitterbewegung) and spin-orbit terms, resulting in the unification of their dynamics. The presence of the zitterbewegung effect may be interpreted physically as the delocalization of the electron on the scale of its Compton wavelength, or the delocalization of the photon on the scale of its wavelength in the waveguide. The presence of the spin-orbit interaction leads to the prediction of several rotational effects: the spatial or time evolution of either particle's spin/polarization vector is controlled by the sign of its orbital angular momentum quantum number, or conversely, its spatial wave function is controlled by its spin angular momentum.

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