自旋轨道相互作用下电子和光子的自旋和轨道转动
Spin and Orbital Rotation of Electrons and Photons via Spin-Orbit Interaction
摘要：
我们证明了当电子或光子在圆柱对称波导中传输时，其自旋角动量（SAM）和轨道角动量（OAM）之间的相互作用。值得注意的是，我们发现，从这种自旋轨道相互作用所产生的动力学定量描述的一个单一的表达式适用于电子和光子。这导致了几个新的旋转效应的预测：任何粒子的自旋/极化矢量的空间或时间演化是由其OAM量子数的符号控制，或者相反，其空间波函数是由其SAM控制。我们表明，这些影响在电子和光子的共同起源是一个普遍的几何相位。我们演示了如何利用这些现象可逆地转移纠缠之间的SAM和OAM自由度的两粒子状态。
英文摘要：
We show that when an electron or photon propagates in a cylindrically symmetric waveguide, its spin angular momentum (SAM) and its orbital angular momentum (OAM) interact. Remarkably, we find that the dynamics resulting from this spin-orbit interaction are quantitatively described by a single expression applying to both electrons and photons. This leads to the prediction of several novel rotational effects: the spatial or time evolution of either particle's spin/polarization vector is controlled by the sign of its OAM quantum number, or conversely, its spatial wavefunction is controlled by its SAM. We show that the common origin of these effects in electrons and photons is a universal geometric phase. We demonstrate how these phenomena can be used to reversibly transfer entanglement between the SAM and OAM degrees of freedom of two-particle states.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
