Measurement of the parity-violating electron scattering asymmetry is an established technique at Jefferson Lab and provides a new opportunity to measure the weak charge distribution and hence pin down the neutron radius in nuclei in a relatively clean and model-independent way. This is because the Z boson of the weak interaction couples primarily to neutrons. We will describe the PREX and CREX experiments on ${}^{208}$Pb and ${}^{48}$Ca respectively; these are both doubly-magic nuclei whose first excited state can be discriminated by the high resolution spectrometers at JLab. The heavier lead nucleus, with a neutron excess, provides an interpretation of the neutron skin thickness in terms of properties of bulk neutron matter. For the lighter ${}^{48}$Ca nucleus, which is also rich in neutrons, microscopic nuclear theory calculations are feasible and are sensitive to poorly constrained 3-neutron forces.
Measuring the surface thickness of the weak charge density of nuclei
目前的PREX-II和CREX实验正在测量$^{208}$ Pb和$^{48}$ Ca的弱电荷密度的均方根半径。本文讨论了用一种新的宇称破坏电子散射实验测量重核弱电荷密度表面厚度的可行性。一旦PREX-II和CREX具有受约束的弱半径，在$^{208}$ Pb的0.76 fm $^{-1}$或$^{48}$ Ca的1.28 fm $^{-1}$附近的动量转移处的额外宇称违反测量可以确定表面厚度。
Precision Neutron Skins of $^{208}$Pb and $^{48}$Ca from Parity-Violating Electron Scattering
Idaho State University（爱达荷州立大学）；Virginia Tech（弗吉尼亚理工大学）；Hampton Roads Academy（汉普顿路学院）；Texas A & M University - Kingsville（德克萨斯农工大学金斯维尔分校）；University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science（萨格勒布大学理学院）；California State University, Los Angeles（洛杉矶加州州立大学）；William & Mary（威廉与玛丽学院）；Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility（托马斯·杰斐逊国家加速设施）；Instituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Catania（意大利国家核物理研究所卡塔尼亚分部）；Louisiana Tech University（路易斯安那理工大学）；Mississippi State University（密西西比州立大学）；University of Manitoba（曼尼托巴大学）
Ab initio calculations of parity-violating electron scattering off $^{48}$Ca and $^{208}$Pb
University of Bern（伯尔尼大学）；Oak Ridge National Laboratory（橡树岭国家实验室）；University of Tsukuba（筑波大学）；Technische Universität Darmstadt（达姆施塔特工业大学）；GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH（德国重离子研究中心）；Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik（马克斯·普朗克核物理研究所）
Determination of matter radius and neutron-skin thickness of $^{60,62,64}$Ni from reaction cross section of proton scattering on $^{60,62,64}$Ni targets (published in Results in Physics)
