使用纳米氧化石墨烯在环境条件下进行冰的播种生长
Seeding ice growth at ambient conditions using nano graphene oxide
摘要：
由于表面的非极性和水的高蒸汽压，在环境条件下疏水表面上的水润湿是不允许的。然而，亚毫米大小的亲水性斑块的存在允许沙漠甲虫的蜡状翅膀被晨雾覆盖。在这里，我们表明，喷洒的氧化石墨烯纳米片（nanoparticles）是有效的冷凝水纳米滴和播种冰外延石墨在环境条件下。通过控制相对湿度和nanoGO密度，我们能够在20小时的时间尺度上研究完整的冰润湿层的形成。这为使用非接触式原子力显微镜实时可视化冰成核和生长提供了前所未有的机会。奥斯特瓦尔德在1897年提出的结晶阶段首次在微观水平上完全展开。我们获得的实时图像的顺序相变从无定形冰到一个短暂的立方冰Ic阶段，最后到稳定的六边形冰Ih。最有趣的是，我们发现冰的成核和生长可以通过修饰nanoGO的官能团以及nanoGO之间的分子间氢键来影响。这提供了一种控制非均匀冰成核和雪晶形成的策略。
英文摘要：
Water wetting on a hydrophobic surface at ambient conditions is disallowed by the nonpolar nature of the surface and high vapor pressure of water. However, the presence of sub-millimeter sized hydrophilic patches allows the waxy wings of desert beetles to become wettable by morning mist. Here, we show that a sprinkle of graphene oxide nanoflakes (nanoGOs) is effective in condensing water nanodroplets and seeding ice epitaxy on graphite at ambient conditions. By controlling relative humidity and nanoGO density, we are able to study the formation of a complete ice wetting layer on a time scale of 20 hours. This presents an unprecedented opportunity to visualize ice nucleation and growth in real time using non-contact atomic force microscopy. The stages of crystallization, as proposed by Ostwald in 1897, is fully unfolded at a microscopic level for the first time. We obtain real-time imaging of sequential phase transition from amorphous ice to a transient cubic ice Ic stage and finally to the stable hexagonal ice Ih. Most interestingly, we discover that ice nucleation and growth can be influenced by modifying the functional groups of nanoGO, and by intermolecular hydrogen-bonding between nanoGOs. This affords a strategy to control heterogenous ice nucleation and snow crystal formation.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
