作为自旋电流检测材料的5d过渡金属氧化物IrO2
5d transition metal oxide IrO2 as a material for spin current detection
摘要：
基于纯自旋电流（自旋角动量流）的器件作为低耗散电子器件的关键成分越来越受到关注。为了将这样的自旋电子器件集成到基于电荷的技术中，自旋电流的电检测是必不可少的。逆自旋霍尔效应通过自旋-轨道耦合将自旋电流转换成电压。由于大的直接自旋霍尔效应，诸如Pt和Pd的贵金属以及基于Cu的合金已经被认为是用于自旋电流注入器的潜在材料。然而，这些材料作为基于逆自旋霍尔效应的自旋电流检测器并不具有前景。它们的自旋霍尔电阻率rho_SH（代表作为检测器的性能）不是足够大，主要是由于它们的低电荷电阻率。在这里，我们证明，重过渡金属氧化物可以克服这种局限性固有的金属基自旋电子材料。二元5d过渡金属氧化物IrO_2，由于其大的电阻率以及与导电电子的5d特性相关的大的自旋轨道耦合，在室温下显示出巨大的rho_SH ~ 38 μ ohm cm，比贵金属和Cu基合金的rho_SH大一个数量级，甚至与W和Ta的原子层薄膜的rho_SH相当。
英文摘要：
Devices based on a pure spin current (a flow of spin angular momentum) have been attracting increasing attention as key ingredients for low-dissipation electronics. To integrate such spintronics devices into charge-based technologies, an electric detection of spin current is essential. Inverse spin Hall effect converts a spin current into an electric voltage through spin-orbit coupling. Noble metals such as Pt and Pd, and also Cu-based alloys, owing to the large direct spin Hall effect, have been regarded as potential materials for a spin-current injector. Those materials, however, are not promising as a spin-current detector based on inverse spin Hall effect. Their spin Hall resistivity rho_SH, representing the performance as a detector, is not large enough mainly due to their low charge resistivity. Here we demonstrate that heavy transition metal oxides can overcome such limitations inherent to metal-based spintronics materials. A binary 5d transition metal oxide IrO2, owing to its large resistivity as well as a large spin-orbit coupling associated with 5d character of conduction electrons, was found to show a gigantic rho_SH ~ 38 microohm cm at room temperature, one order of magnitude larger than those of noble metals and Cu-based alloys and even comparable to those of atomic layer thin film of W and Ta.
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