强分层turbulence中浅磁斑的自组装
Self-assembly of shallow magnetic spots through strongly stratified turbulence
摘要：
最近的研究表明，在充分发展的湍流中，大尺度场（非湍流加上湍流贡献）的有效磁压可以变为负值。在强烈分层湍流的存在下，这被证明会导致大规模的不稳定性，产生自发的磁通量浓度。此外，使用一个水平的磁场，细长的磁通量浓度的百分之几的均分值的强度被发现。在这里，我们表明，一个均匀的垂直磁场导致均匀磁场强度的圆形磁点。这可能代表了太阳黑子形成的一个极简模型，并突出了两个关键因素的重要性：湍流和强烈的分层。辐射、电离和超微粒化对于真实的模拟可能是重要的，但在磁点形成的最小模型的水平上并不重要。
英文摘要：
Recent studies have demonstrated that in fully developed turbulence, the effective magnetic pressure of a large-scale field (non-turbulent plus turbulent contributions) can become negative. In the presence of strongly stratified turbulence, this was shown to lead to a large-scale instability that produces spontaneous magnetic flux concentrations. Furthermore, using a horizontal magnetic field, elongated flux concentrations with a strength of a few per cent of the equipartition value were found. Here we show that a uniform vertical magnetic field leads to circular magnetic spots of equipartition field strengths. This could represent a minimalistic model of sunspot formation and highlights the importance of two critical ingredients: turbulence and strong stratification. Radiation, ionization, and supergranulation may be important for realistic simulations, but are not critical at the level of a minimalistic model of magnetic spot formation.
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