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arXiv 1306.4825astro-ph.HE
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NGC 5907中的超亮X射线源

A bright ultraluminous X-ray source in NGC 5907

Andrew D. Sutton, Timothy P. Roberts, Jeanette C. Gladstone, Sean A. Farrell, Emma Reilly, Michael R. Goad, Neil Gehrels

摘要:

我们提出了一个多任务的X射线分析明亮的(峰值观测0.3-10千电子伏的光度约6x 10 ^{40}尔格·秒^{-1}),但相对高度吸收的ULX在边缘上的螺旋星系NGC 5907。ULX在X射线中是光谱硬的(伽马~ 1.2-1.7,当符合吸收幂律时),并且具有先前报道的硬光谱中断,与它处于超铝吸积状态一致。对于ULX来说,它也是相对高吸收的,除了我们银河系中的视线柱外,还有约0.4-0.9x10^{22}原子cm^{-2}的柱。虽然它的X射线光谱很好地代表了吸积盘模型,其可变性的特点反对这种解释。而ULX光谱似乎由一个冷的,光学厚的康普顿化日冕主导。我们将讨论如何测量9%的均方根变化和硬化的频谱,因为它的流量减少可能会调和一个非常大规模的,辐射驱动风的影响,并分别在日冕的微妙变化。我们推测,被认为是由风在其他ULX产生的冷盘状光谱分量可能会从观测到的光谱中丢失,由于低温(~ 0.1 keV)的组合,和高柱的ULX。除了它极端的X射线亮度外,我们没有发现任何证据表明该天体中存在中等质量的黑洞(~ 10^2 - 10^4 Msun)。相反,观测结果可以一致地解释为一个巨大的(大于~ 20 Msun)恒星遗迹黑洞在超爱丁顿吸积状态。

英文摘要:

We present a multi-mission X-ray analysis of a bright (peak observed 0.3-10 keV luminosity of ~ 6x10^{40} erg s^{-1}), but relatively highly absorbed ULX in the edge-on spiral galaxy NGC 5907. The ULX is spectrally hard in X-rays (Gamma ~ 1.2-1.7, when fitted with an absorbed power-law), and has a previously-reported hard spectral break consistent with it being in the ultraluminous accretion state. It is also relatively highly absorbed for a ULX, with a column of ~ 0.4-0.9x10^{22} atom cm^{-2} in addition to the line-of-sight column in our Galaxy. Although its X-ray spectra are well represented by accretion disc models, its variability characteristics argue against this interpretation. The ULX spectra instead appear dominated by a cool, optically-thick Comptonising corona. We discuss how the measured 9 per cent rms variability and a hardening of the spectrum as its flux diminishes might be reconciled with the effects of a very massive, radiatively-driven wind, and subtle changes in the corona respectively. We speculate that the cool disc-like spectral component thought to be produced by the wind in other ULXs may be missing from the observed spectrum due to a combination of a low temperature (~ 0.1 keV), and the high column to the ULX. We find no evidence, other than its extreme X-ray luminosity, for the presence of an intermediate mass black hole (~ 10^2 - 10^4 Msun) in this object. Rather, the observations can be consistently explained by a massive (greater than ~ 20 Msun) stellar remnant black hole in a super-Eddington accretion state.

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