We present the first high-angular resolution survey for multiple systems among very low-mass stars and brown dwarfs in the Hyades open cluster. Using the Keck\,II adaptive optics system, we observed a complete sample of 16 objects with estimated masses $\lesssim$0.1 Msun. We have identified three close binaries with projected separation $\lesssim$0.11", or $\lesssim$5 AU. A number of wide, mostly faint candidate companions are also detected in our images, most of which are revealed as unrelated background sources based on astrometric and/or photometric considerations. The derived multiplicity frequency, 19+13/-6 % over the 2-350 AU range, and the rarity of systems wider than 10 AU are both consistent with observations of field very low-mass objects. In the limited 3-50 AU separation range, the companion frequency is essentially constant from brown dwarfs to solar-type stars in the Hyades cluster, which is also in line with our current knowledge for field stars. Combining the binaries discovered in this surveys with those already known in the Pleiades cluster reveals that very low-mass binaries in open clusters, as well as in star-forming regions, are skewed toward lower mass ratios ($0.6 \lesssim q \lesssim 0.8$) than are their field counterparts, a result that cannot be accounted for by selection effects. Although the possibility of severe systematic errors in model-based mass estimates for very low-mass stars cannot be completely excluded, it is unlikely to explain this difference. We speculate that this trend indicates that surveys among very low-mass field stars may have missed a substantial population of intermediate mass ratio systems, implying that these systems are more common and more diverse than previously thought.
We have used data from the UKIRT Hemisphere Survey (UHS) to search for substellar members of the Hyades cluster. Our search recovered several known substellar Hyades members, and two known brown dwarfs that we suggest may be members based on a new kinematic analysis. We uncovered thirteen new substellar Hyades candidates, and obtained near-infrared follow-up spectroscopy of each with IRTF/SpeX. Six candidates with spectral types between M7 and L0 are ruled out as potential members based on their photometric distances ($\gtrsim$100 pc). The remaining seven candidates, with spectral types betwee…
We present the direct-imaging discovery of a substellar companion in orbit around a Sun-like star member of the Hyades open cluster. So far, no other substellar companions have been unambiguously confirmed via direct imaging around main-sequence stars in Hyades. The star HIP 21152 is an accelerating star as identified by the astrometry from the Gaia and Hipparcos satellites. We have detected the companion, HIP 21152 B, in multi-epoch using the high-contrast imaging from SCExAO/CHARIS and Keck/NIRC2. We have also obtained the stellar radial-velocity data from the Okayama 188cm telescope. The CH…
我们给出了Hogan等人(2008)在毕宿星团中发现的L矮星候选者的光度、天体测量和光谱跟踪结果。我们获得了低分辨率的光谱与OSIRIS光谱仪的Gran Telescopio de Canarias的所有12个L矮候选人,以及新的J波段成像的子样本的8个,以确认他们的自行。我们还提出了中红外测光从明智的领域红外巡天探测器(WISE)的毕宿星L和T矮星候选人,并估计其光谱距离,有效温度和质量。我们确认了几个L矮星候选人的冷性质,并确认天体测量他们的成员资格,弥合最酷的M矮星和两个T矮星之前报道的毕宿星团之间的差距。这些成员代表了6.25亿年前的宝贵光谱模板和略超太阳的金属丰度(Fe/H=+0.13)。我们更新的毕宿星质量函数在氢燃烧的限制,并在亚恒星制度。我们确认了一小部分质量低于0.1 Msun的成员属于毕宿星团。
Benchmark brown dwarf companions with well-determined ages and model-independent masses are powerful tools to test substellar evolutionary models and probe the formation of giant planets and brown dwarfs. Here, we report the independent discovery of HIP~21152~B, the first imaged brown dwarf companion in the Hyades, and conduct a comprehensive orbital and atmospheric characterization of the system. HIP~21152 was targeted in an ongoing high-contrast imaging campaign of stars exhibiting proper motion changes between Hipparcos and Gaia, and was also recently identified by Bonavita et al. (2022) an…
The multiplicity fraction of stars, down to the substellar regime, is a parameter of fundamental importance for stellar formation, evolution, and planetology. The census of multiple stars in the solar neighborhood is however incomplete. Our study is aimed at detecting companions of Hipparcos catalog stars from the proper motion anomaly (PMa) they induce on their host star, namely, the difference between their long-term Hipparcos-Gaia and short-term Gaia proper motion vectors. We also aim to detect resolved, gravitationally bound companions of the Hipparcos stars (117,955 stars) and of the Gaia…
Astrometric and photometric initial mass functions from the UKIDSS Galactic Clusters Survey: III Praesepe
在过去的几十年里,疏散星团一直是许多研究的主题。考虑到初始质量函数的普适性仍然是当前研究的主题,这样的研究是至关重要的。Praesepe是一个有趣的疏散星团,可以用来研究恒星和亚恒星的质量函数(MF),考虑到它的中间年龄和附近的距离。在这里,我们提出了一个广泛的领域,近红外研究的Praesepe使用数据发布9(DR 9)的UKIRT红外深空调查(UKIDSS)星系团调查(GCS)的结果。我们获得了集群候选人的Praesepe基于3sigma天体测量和5波段光度选择。我们推导出Praesepe在0.2-0.45Msol质量范围内的二进制频率为25.6+/-3.0%,0.1-0.2Msol为19.6+/-3.0%,0.07-0.1Msol为23.2+/-5.6%。我们还研究了Praesepe的集群候选人的可变性,我们得出结论,七个对象可以是可变的。我们推导了Praesepe在Z-和J-波段的光度函数,并导出了它的MF.我们观察到,我们确定的MF Praesepe不同于以前的研究:虽然以前的MF呈现从0.6到0.1Msol的增加,我们的MF显示出下降。我们在星团的两个不同区域,即1.25度以内和1.25度以外,观察了Praesepe的MF,我们观察到这两个区域的MF都降低到较低的质量。在0.072-0.6Msol的质量范围内,我们将我们的结果与毕宿星、昴宿星和α Per MF进行了比较,…
The VAST Survey - IV. A wide brown dwarf companion to the A3V star $ζ$ Delphini
我们报告发现了一个广泛的共同移动的亚恒星同伴附近的($D=67.5\pm1.1$ pc)A3 V星$ζ$ Delphini的基础上成像和后续的光谱观测过程中获得的体积有限的A星(VAST)的多重性调查。$ζ$ Del在五年的基线上用自适应光学进行了观察,揭示了一个先前未解决的同伴的存在,其自行运动与A型主要的一致。$ζ$ Del系统的年龄根据原色在颜色-星等和温度-光度图上的位置估计为$525\pm125$ Myr。使用中等分辨率的近红外光谱,$ζ$ Del B的光谱显示与中L矮星(L $5\pm2$)一致,温度为$1650\pm200$ K。将测量的$ζ$ Del B的近红外幅度与估计的温度相结合,导致$50\pm15$ M $_{\rm Jup}$的依赖于模型的质量估计,对应于$q=0.019\pm0.006$的质量比。$ζ$ Del B在预测的距离为$910\pm14$ au时,是迄今为止分辨出的主序星中距离最宽、质量比最大的亚恒星伴星之一,这为在极宽的距离下形成低质量比伴星提供了一个罕见的经验约束。
A recent study suggests that the observed multiplicity of super-Earth (SE) systems is correlated with stellar overdensities: field stars in high phase-space density environments have an excess of single-planet systems compared to stars in low density fields. This correlation is puzzling as stellar clustering is expected to influence mostly the outer part of planetary systems. Here we examine the possibility that stellar flybys indirectly excite the mutual inclinations of initially coplanar SEs, breaking their co-transiting geometry. We propose that flybys excite the inclinations of exterior su…
Multiplicity of young isolated planetary mass objects in Taurus and Upper Scorpius
Laboratoire d’astrophysique de Bordeaux, Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS(波尔多大学天体物理实验室);Institut universitaire de France (IUF)(法国高等研究院);Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IPAG(格勒诺布尔阿尔卑斯大学);Astronomy Department, University of California Berkeley(加州大学伯克利分校天文系);Space Telescope Science Institute(太空望远镜科学研究所);Departamento de Inteligencia Artificial, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED)(西班牙国立远程教育大学人工智能系);Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Radioastronomía y Astrofísica(墨西哥国立自治大学无线电天文学与天体物理学研究所);Centro de Astrobiología (CAB), CSIC-INTA(西班牙国家航空航天技术研究所/西班牙国家科学研究委员会天体生物学中心);Department of Astronomy, Gr(天文学系)
IRAM 04191+1522: a compact proto-brown dwarf binary candidate
Centro de Astrobiología (CAB), CSIC-INTA(天体生物学中心);European Southern Observatory(欧洲南方天文台);Instituto de Radioastronomía y Astrofísica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México(墨西哥国立自治大学无线电天文学与天体物理研究所);Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge(剑桥大学天文学研究所);Laboratoire d’Astrophysique de Bordeaux, Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS(波尔多大学天体物理实验室);Department of Physics, Maynooth University(梅努斯大学物理系)
We present the multiple stellar systems observed within the SpHere INfrared survey for Exoplanet (SHINE). SHINE searched for substellar companions to young stars using high contrast imaging. Although stars with known stellar companions within SPHERE field of view (<5.5 arcsec) were removed from the original target list, we detected additional stellar companions to 78 of the 463 SHINE targets observed so far. 27% of the systems have three or more components. Given the heterogeneity of the sample in terms of observing conditions and strategy, tailored routines were used for data reduction and an…