三州选民模型中噪声和代理人信念对意见传播的作用
Role of noise and agents' convictions on opinion spreading in a three-state voter-like model
摘要：
在这项工作中，我们研究的意见形成的一个类似选民的模型定义在一个正方形格子的线性尺寸$L$。代理人可能处于三个不同的状态，代表任何有三个选择（是，否，未定）的公共辩论。我们认为异质代理人有不同的信念，他们的意见。这些信念限制了个体在互动过程中的说服能力。此外，存在噪声$p$，其表示个体自发地将其意见改变到未决定状态的概率。我们的模拟表明，该系统达到平稳状态的所有值的$p$，只有无噪声的情况下发生的共识状态$p=0$。在这种情况下，弛豫时间根据对数正态函数分布，平均值$τ$随着晶格尺寸增长为$τ\sim L^α$，其中$α\approx$ 0.9。我们发现了一个阈值$p^{*}\approx$ 0.9以上的未决定的代理的固定分数大于决定的分数。我们还研究了系统中存在外部效应的后果，该系统模拟了大众媒体对舆论形成的影响。
英文摘要：
In this work we study the opinion formation in a voter-like model defined on a square lattice of linear size $L$. The agents may be in three different states, representing any public debate with three choices (yes, no, undecided). We consider heterogeneous agents that have different convictions about their opinions. These convictions limit the capacity of persuasion of the individuals during the interactions. Moreover, there is a noise $p$ that represents the probability of an individual spontaneously change his opinion to the undecided state. Our simulations suggest that the system reaches stationary states for all values of $p$, with consensus states occurring only for the noiseless case $p=0$. In this case, the relaxation times are distributed according to a log-normal function, with the average value $τ$ growing with the lattice size as $τ\sim L^α$, where $α\approx$ 0.9. We found a threshold value $p^{*}\approx$ 0.9 above which the stationary fraction of undecided agents is greater than the fraction of decided ones. We also study the consequences of the presence of external effects in the system, which models the influence of mass media on opinion formation.
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