通过冗余实现低延迟
Low latency via redundancy
摘要：
低延迟对于交互式网络应用至关重要。但是，尽管我们知道如何扩展系统以增加容量，但减少延迟（尤其是延迟分布的尾部）可能要困难得多。在本文中，我们认为，使用冗余是一种有效的方式来转换额外的容量，以减少延迟。通过跨不同资源启动冗余操作并使用完成的第一个结果，冗余即使在异常条件下也会改善系统的延迟。我们研究的权衡与增加系统利用率，特征的情况下，复制所有的任务减少平均延迟。然后，我们经验证明，复制所有操作可以导致显着的平均和尾部延迟减少在现实世界的系统，包括DNS查询，数据库服务器，网络内的数据包转发。
英文摘要：
Low latency is critical for interactive networked applications. But while we know how to scale systems to increase capacity, reducing latency --- especially the tail of the latency distribution --- can be much more difficult. In this paper, we argue that the use of redundancy is an effective way to convert extra capacity into reduced latency. By initiating redundant operations across diverse resources and using the first result which completes, redundancy improves a system's latency even under exceptional conditions. We study the tradeoff with added system utilization, characterizing the situations in which replicating all tasks reduces mean latency. We then demonstrate empirically that replicating all operations can result in significant mean and tail latency reduction in real-world systems including DNS queries, database servers, and packet forwarding within networks.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
