弱者的力量：不确定原理和通过弱测量更直接地获得波函数
The Strength of the Weak: The Uncertainty Principle and More-Direct Access to the Wave Function through Weak Measurements
摘要：
最近在“弱测量”领域的经验工作已经产生了更直接地访问和探索量子波函数的新方法。以“弱”方式测量光子的位置或动量会产生广泛的测量可能值，并且可以以这样的方式进行，即只对波函数产生最小的影响，而不是将其坍缩到特定的精确值。在稍后的时间（“选择后”）精确测量另一个互补变量（位置或动量）并对弱测量进行平均可以产生关于波函数的信息，这些信息不能直接通过实验使用其他方法获得。本文讨论了最近的两篇论文弱测量的背景下，更广泛的不确定原理，并认为进一步研究的可能性。
英文摘要：
Recent empirical work in the field of 'weak measurements' has yielded novel ways of more directly accessing and exploring the quantum wavefunction. Measuring either position or momentum for a photon in a 'weak' manner yields a wide range of possible values for the measurement, and can be done in such a way as to only minimally effect the wavefunction rather than to collapse it to a specific precise value. Measuring the other complementary variable (position or momentum) precisely at a later time ('post-selection') and averaging the weak measurements can yield information about the wavefunction that is not directly experimentally obtainable using other methods. This paper discusses two recent papers on weak measurement in the context of the uncertainty principle more broadly, and considers some possibilities for further research.
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