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arXiv 1306.1488astro-ph.SRastro-ph.HE
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估算Ibc SNe辐射热特性的新方法

A new method for estimating the bolometric properties of Ibc SNe

Zach Cano

摘要:

本文报道了61颗Ibc超新星(包括20颗伽马射线暴和X射线闪光(GRB/XRF)、19颗Ib、13颗Ic和9颗Ic-BL(宽线)超新星)的热辐射特性(镍质量、喷出物质量和动能)。文献中所有可用的$BVRI$光度测量都已被收集起来,并用于一种新方法,该方法利用一颗模板超新星(SN 1998 bw)和基于Arnett(1982)的分析模型来准确估计每个SN的热测量特性。然后进行热测量特性的统计分析,其中发现GRB/XRF SNe是最有活力的,并且比Ib,Ic和Ic-BL SNe喷射更多的质量(包括镍含量)。然后将结果与现有的Ibc SN的祖先模型进行比较,得出的结论是,很可能至少存在两个祖先通道用于产生Ibc SN:大多数Ibc SN是通过二元相互作用产生的,其中恒星祖先的质量小于沃尔夫拉叶星。相反,Ic-BL和GRB/XRF的前身比Ib和Ic SNe的前身更大,尽管它们之间的关键区别是前身金属丰度,Ic-BL SNe来自更多富含金属的前身。由于大质量恒星的质量损失受到金属含量的影响,Ic-BL SNe的前身在爆炸前损失了更多的质量,因此也损失了更多的角动量。预计Ic-BL和GRB/XRF SNe中的爆炸机制是"引擎驱动的“(即吸积黑洞或毫秒磁星),但Ic-BL SNe的质量损失增加意味着中央引擎不如GRB/XRF SNe强大。最后,发现伴随GRB和XRF的SNe在统计上是不可区分的,需要一些机制来解释这些事件中高能成分的差异。

英文摘要:

The bolometric properties (nickel mass, ejecta mass and kinetic energies) of 61 Ibc supernovae (SNe), including 20 Gamma-Ray Burst and X-Ray Flash (GRB/XRF), 19 Ib, 13 Ic and 9 Ic-BL (broad-lined) SNe are presented. All of the available $BVRI$ photometry in the literature have been collected and used in a new method that utilizes a template supernova (SN 1998bw) and an analytical model based on Arnett (1982) to accurately estimate the bolometric properties of each SN. A statistical analysis of the bolometric properties is then performed, where it is found that GRB/XRF SNe are the most energetic, and eject more mass (including nickel content) than Ib, Ic and Ic-BL SNe. The results are then compared to the existing progenitor models of Ibc SNe, where it is concluded that it is highly likely that at least two progenitor channels exist for producing a Ibc SN: most Ibc SNe arise via binary interactions, where the mass of the stellar progenitor is less than what is attributed to a Wolf Rayet star. Conversely, the progenitors of Ic-BL and GRB/XRF are more massive than those of Ib and Ic SNe, though a key difference between them is progenitor metallicity, with Ic-BL SNe arise from more metal rich progenitors. As mass loss in massive stars is influenced by metal content, the progenitors of Ic-BL SNe lose more mass, and therefore more angular momentum, before exploding. It is expected that the explosion mechanism in Ic-BL and GRB/XRF SNe is ``engine-driven'' (i.e. an accreting black hole, or a millisecond magnetar), but the increased mass loss of Ic-BL SNe means the central engine is less powerful than in GRB/XRF SNe. Finally, it is found that the SNe that accompany GRBs and XRFs are statistically indistinguishable, and some mechanism other than metallicity is needed to explain the differences in the high-energy components in these events.

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