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arXiv 1306.1240hep-thcond-mat.otherquant-ph
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更多关于有限密度下有间隙的Goldstones:更多有间隙的Goldstones

More on gapped Goldstones at finite density: More gapped Goldstones

Alberto Nicolis, Riccardo Penco, Federico Piazza, Rachel A. Rosen

摘要:

最近有人认为,在有限密度的某些相对论理论可以表现出一种非常规的戈德斯通激发谱,其间隙戈德斯通的间隙是完全可以计算的对称代数。我们证实了这一结果,以及以前的关于gapless戈德斯通非相对论系统通过陪集建设的低能有效场论。此外,我们的分析揭示了额外的间隙戈德斯通,自然像其他人一样轻,但这一次与模型相关的差距。它们的确切数量也不能仅仅从对称性破缺模式中推断出来,而是取决于对称性破缺机制的细节--我们用一些例子明确地验证了这一说法。一路上,我们提供了我们认为是一个特别透明的解释,所谓的逆希格斯约束自发打破时空对称性。

英文摘要:

It was recently argued that certain relativistic theories at finite density can exhibit an unconventional spectrum of Goldstone excitations, with gapped Goldstones whose gap is exactly calculable in terms of the symmetry algebra. We confirm this result as well as previous ones concerning gapless Goldstones for non-relativistic systems via a coset construction of the low-energy effective field theory. Moreover, our analysis unveils additional gapped Goldstones, naturally as light as the others, but this time with a model-dependent gap. Their exact number cannot be inferred solely from the symmetry breaking pattern either, but rather depends on the details of the symmetry breaking mechanism--a statement that we explicitly verify with a number of examples. Along the way we provide what we believe to be a particularly transparent interpretation of the so-called inverse-Higgs constraints for spontaneously broken spacetime symmetries.

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